铁基导电材料强化厌氧去除卤代有机污染物：研究进展及未来展望

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230441

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着工农业发展，越来越多的卤代污染物被排放到环境中。鉴于卤代污染物高毒性及强稳定性的特点，如何高效地去除环境中卤代污染物成为国内外学者关注的焦点。厌氧生物处理因为其绿色高效的特点，近年来常被用于去除环境中的卤代污染物，其中微生物胞外电子传递是影响脱氯效率的重要因素。铁基导电材料比表面积大，导电性强，而且能够提高脱卤相关菌的微生物活性，可强化胞外电子传递过程，加速厌氧脱卤效率的同时提高甲烷产量。本文综述了铁基导电材料强化厌氧脱卤的研究现状，重点对铁基导电材料促进电子转移机制进行了论述。探讨了目前铁基导电材料相关研究存在的问题，并对铁基材料促进厌氧脱卤的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 卤代污染物, 厌氧消化, 铁基材料, 环境, 污染, 活性炭

Abstract:

With the development of industry and agriculture, more and more halogenated pollutants are being discharged into the environment. Given the characteristics of high toxicity and strong stability of halogenated pollutants, how to efficiently remove halogenated pollutants from the environment has become the focus of attention of scholars at home and abroad. Anaerobic biological treatment, due to its green and efficient characteristics, has been commonly used in recent years to remove halogenated pollutants from the environment. Among them, extracellular electron transfer by microorganisms is an important factor affecting dechlorination efficiency. Iron-based conductive materials have a large specific surface area, high conductivity, and the ability to increase the microbial activity of dehalogenation related bacteria, which can enhance the extracellular electron transfer process, thereby accelerating anaerobic dehalogenation efficiency and increasing methane production. This paper reviews the current research status of enhanced anaerobic dehalogenation with iron-based conductive materials, and focuses on the mechanism of electron transfer promoted by iron-based conductive materials. The existing problems in the current research on iron-based conductive materials are discussed, and the research direction of iron-based materials to promote anaerobic dehalogenation is prospected.

Key words: halogenated pollutants, anaerobic, iron-based materials, environment, pollution, activated carbon

中图分类号:

X 506

吕龙义, 及文博, 韩沐达, 李伟光, 高文芳, 刘晓阳, 孙丽, 王鹏飞, 任芝军, 张光明. 铁基导电材料强化厌氧去除卤代有机污染物：研究进展及未来展望[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3193-3202.

Longyi LYU, Wenbo JI, Muda HAN, Weiguang LI, Wenfang GAO, Xiaoyang LIU, Li SUN, Pengfei WANG, Zhijun REN, Guangming ZHANG. Enhanced anaerobic removal of halogenated organic pollutants by iron-based conductive materials: research progress and future perspectives[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3193-3202.

图/表 3

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卤代污染物	英文名称	分子式	应用领域
二氯乙烷	dichloroethane	C₂H₄Cl₂	工业溶剂、橡胶、杀虫剂
三氯乙烯	trichloroethylene	C₂HCl₃	杀虫剂、香料、电子元件清洗剂
四溴化碳	tetrabromomethane	CBr₄	麻醉剂、制冷剂、染料中间体
五氯酚	pentachlorophenol	C₆HCl₅O	杀菌剂、合成塑料
2,4,6-三氯酚	2,4,6-trichlorophenol	C₆H₃Cl₃O	杀菌剂、防腐剂
2,4-二氯酚	2,4-dichlorophenol	C₆H₄Cl₂O	工业溶剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂
四溴双酚A	tetrabromobisphenol A	C₁₅H₁₂Br₄O₂	阻燃剂
十溴二苯醚	decabromodiphenyl oxide	C₁₂Br₁₀O	阻燃剂
四氟乙烯	tetrafluoroethene	C₂F₄	耐热塑料、灭火剂
氟化氢钠	sodium hydrogen difluoride	NaHF₂	食品添加剂、防腐剂

卤代污染物	英文名称	分子式	应用领域
二氯乙烷	dichloroethane	C₂H₄Cl₂	工业溶剂、橡胶、杀虫剂
三氯乙烯	trichloroethylene	C₂HCl₃	杀虫剂、香料、电子元件清洗剂
四溴化碳	tetrabromomethane	CBr₄	麻醉剂、制冷剂、染料中间体
五氯酚	pentachlorophenol	C₆HCl₅O	杀菌剂、合成塑料
2,4,6-三氯酚	2,4,6-trichlorophenol	C₆H₃Cl₃O	杀菌剂、防腐剂
2,4-二氯酚	2,4-dichlorophenol	C₆H₄Cl₂O	工业溶剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂
四溴双酚A	tetrabromobisphenol A	C₁₅H₁₂Br₄O₂	阻燃剂
十溴二苯醚	decabromodiphenyl oxide	C₁₂Br₁₀O	阻燃剂
四氟乙烯	tetrafluoroethene	C₂F₄	耐热塑料、灭火剂
氟化氢钠	sodium hydrogen difluoride	NaHF₂	食品添加剂、防腐剂

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