亲水改性硫酸镁/膨胀蛭石复合材料的吸附储热性能

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240868

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为强化硫酸镁在中低湿度环境下的吸附性能，采用亲水型活性剂曲拉通X-100制备硫酸镁/膨胀蛭石改性复合材料。采用两种不同改性方法制备复合材料并比较其性能。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）的测试结果表明成功地合成了硫酸镁/膨胀蛭石改性复合材料。利用恒温恒湿箱和热重分析仪（TG）、差式量热仪（DSC）对复合材料的吸附和储热性能进行测试，探讨了改性方法、活性剂添加量和相对湿度对吸附性能的影响，结果表明，在25℃、70%相对湿度条件下，先对膨胀蛭石亲水改性，且膨胀蛭石与活性剂质量比为10∶1时，改性复合材料具有最佳储热性能，相较于未改性复合材料，吸附量增加2.5%，脱附率提高4.1%，储热密度提升9.1%，且表现出良好的循环稳定性。

关键词: 膨胀蛭石, 硫酸镁, 亲水改性, 吸附, 脱附, 储热, 传质

Abstract:

Two approaches were employed to prepare a novel high performance composite heat storage material by using expanded vermiculite, magnesium sulphate and Trilatone X-100 as the layered porous substrate, reactive salts, and hydrophilicmodifier, respectively. Two different modification methods were used in the study and the performance of the composites prepared by the two methods was compared. The test results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) showed that magnesium sulfate/expanded vermiculite modified composites were successfully synthesized. The influences of modification approach, mass of the added Trilatone X-100, and relative humidity on the adsorption performance of composite materials were discussed. Thermal gravimetric analyzer (TG) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were utilized to measure energy storage density of the adsorbed composites, the results indicated that the hydrophilic functionalized composite fabricated by the modified expanded vermiculite with the mass ratio of expanded vermiculite to Trilatone X-100 of 10 and magnesium sulphate exhibited the best heat storage performance, whose water uptake, desorption rate, and heat storage density were improved by 2.5%, 4.1%, and 9.1%, respectively, as compared to the non-functionalized one. After 10 cycles of adsorption-desorption testing, the water uptake of the hydrophilic functionalized composite was only reduced by 20.4%, showing favorable thermal stability.

Key words: expanded vermiculite, magnesium sulphate, hydrophilic modification, adsorption, desorption, heat storage, mass transfer

中图分类号:

TK 02

晋伊浩, 罗俊欣, 胡章茂, 王唯, 殷谦. 亲水改性硫酸镁/膨胀蛭石复合材料的吸附储热性能[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(4): 1852-1862.

Yihao JIN, Junxin LUO, Zhangmao HU, Wei WANG, Qian YIN. Experimental investigation on hydrophilic functionalized MgSO₄/expanded vermiculite composites for water adsorption and heat storage[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(4): 1852-1862.

图/表 12

图1 方法一制备改性复合材料流程

Fig.1 Flow chart of the modified composite material prepared by method 1

图2 方法二制备改性复合材料流程

Fig.2 Flow chart of the modified composite material prepared by method 2

图3 EV和三种复合材料SEM图

Fig.3 SEM images of EV and three composites

图4 三种复合材料EDS中硫元素分布

Fig.4 Distribution of elemental sulfur in EDS of three composites

图5 EV、MgSO4和三种复合材料的XRD谱图

Fig.5 XRD patterns of EV, MgSO4 and three composites

图6 不同改性方法复合材料在25℃、50%～70% RH下的吸附曲线

Fig.6 Adsorption curves of composites with different modification methods at 25℃ and 50%—70% RH

图7 不同活性剂添加量改性复合材料在25℃、70% RH下的吸附曲线

Fig.7 Adsorption curves of modified composites with different active agent additions at 25℃ and 70% RH

图8 四种复合材料在25℃、不同相对湿度下的吸附曲线

Fig.8 Adsorption profiles of four composites at different relative humidities at 25°C

表1 四种复合材料在25℃、50%RH的吸附速率常数

Table 1 Adsorption rate constants of four composites at 25℃ and 50%RH

样品	k_s/s^-1	R²
MgSO₄/EV	0.01027	0.98
MgSO₄/XEV_1	0.01194	0.99
MgSO₄/XEV_3	0.01188	0.99
MgSO₄/XEV_5	0.01180	0.99

图9 四种复合材料在25℃、70% RH吸附后的脱附曲线

Fig.9 Desorption profiles of four composites after adsorption at 25°C and 70% RH

图10 四种复合材料的质量储热密度

Fig.10 Mass heat storage density of four composites

图11 四种复合材料在25℃、70% RH下10次循环吸附量

Fig.11 Adsorption amount of four composites at 25°C and 70% RH for 10 cycles

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