均匀电场对生物柴油小尺度射流扩散燃烧特性影响研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20250205

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究电场对小尺度射流扩散燃烧特性的影响能够为高性能微动力装置设计提供指导。搭建了生物柴油小尺度射流扩散火焰实验台，探究了正向和反向均匀电场对火焰稳燃范围、稳燃火焰高度和宽度以及火焰爆炸频率的影响。使用可视化方法研究了电场对气液两相界面与毛细管口之间距离（以下简称界面距离）的影响。结果表明，当施加外部电场时，火焰的燃烧下限和燃烧上限会分别增大和减小，且反向电场的作用效果较正向电场更加显著。随着电压的增大，无论施加正向还是反向电场，火焰爆炸频率均减小，稳定燃烧时界面距离增大；随着正向电压增大，稳定火焰的高度和宽度分别增大和减小，最大变化幅度分别为10.18%和11.14%。反向电场时则相反，最大变化幅度分别为高度减小7.28%、宽度增大17.02%。

关键词: 生物柴油, 多相流, 电场, 小尺度, 燃烧特性, 界面

Abstract:

The study on the influence of electric field on the diffusion and combustion characteristics of small-scale jets can provide guidance for the design of high-performance micro-power devices. A small-scale jet diffusion flame experimental platform for biodiesel-air is built to investigate the effects of positive and negative uniform electric fields on the flame stability range, flame height and width, and frequency of flame explosion. In addition, the effect of electric field on the depth of liquid interface inside the capillary is studied using visual methods. The results show that when an external electric field is applied, the lower and upper combustion limits of the flame increase and decrease respectively, and the effect of the reverse electric field is more significant than that of the forward electric field. As the voltage increases, regardless of whether a positive or negative electric field is applied, the frequency of flame explosion decreases, and the depth of liquid interface during stable combustion increases. When a positive electric field is applied, the height and width of the stable flame increases and decreases with increasing voltage, respectively, with the maximum variation amplitude of 10.18% and 11.14%. When the electric field is negative, it decreases and increases, with the maximum amplitude of change being 7.28% and 17.02%, respectively.

Key words: biodiesel, multiphase flow, electric field, small scale, combustion characteristic, interface

中图分类号:

TK 16

刘卓龙, 甘云华, 屈可扬, 陈宁光, 潘铭晖. 均匀电场对生物柴油小尺度射流扩散燃烧特性影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(9): 4800-4808.

Zhuolong LIU, Yunhua GAN, Keyang QU, Ningguang CHEN, Minghui PAN. Research on the effect of uniform electric field on characteristics of biodiesel small-scale jet diffusion combustion[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(9): 4800-4808.

图/表 10

图1 实验系统示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experimental system

表1 25℃时生物柴油的理化性质

Table 1 Physicochemical properties of biodiesel at 25℃

密度/(kg/m³)	动力黏度/(mPa·s)	表面张力/(N/m)	电导率/(S/m)
870	6.05	0.034	5.0×10^-10

图2 生物柴油小尺度射流扩散火焰

Fig.2 Small-scale jet diffusion flame of biodiesel

图3 不同火焰状态下的火焰高度和蒸发界面变化示意图

Fig.3 Schematic illustration of flame height and evaporation interface variations under different flame states

图4 不同电场下生物柴油小尺度射流扩散火焰的稳燃范围

Fig.4 Stable combustion range of biodiesel small-scale jet diffusion flames under different electric fields

图5 不同电压下的稳定火焰平均高度和宽度

Fig.5 Average height and width of stable flames under different voltages

图6 电场对火焰作用示意图

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of the effect of electric field on flames

图7 不同电压下稳定燃烧时毛细管内的界面距离

Fig.7 The depth of liquid level inside the capillary tube during stable combustion under different voltages

图8 不同电压下的火焰爆炸频率

Fig.8 Explosion frequency of flame under different voltages

图9 不同电压下爆炸燃烧时毛细管内的界面距离

Fig.9 The depth of liquid level inside the capillary tube during explosive combustion under different voltages

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