膜蒸馏-结晶耦合从高浓度KCl-MgCl2-H2O溶液中回收KCl

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20141598

化工学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (5): 1767-1776.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20141598

膜蒸馏-结晶耦合从高浓度KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O溶液中回收KCl

关云山^1,2, 武警¹, 程文婷¹, 李剑锋¹, 程芳琴¹, 王旭明³

1 山西大学国家环境保护煤炭废弃物资源化高效利用技术重点实验室, 山西大学资源与环境工程研究所, 山西太原 030006;
2 青海大学化工学院, 青海西宁 810016;
3 美国犹他大学, 犹他州盐湖城 84112

收稿日期:2014-10-23 修回日期:2015-02-11 出版日期:2015-05-05 发布日期:2015-05-05
通讯作者: 程芳琴
基金资助:
国家国际合作项目(2012DFA91500);国家自然科学基金项目(21376144)。

Recovery of KCl crystalline product from highly concentrated KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O solution with membrane distillation crystallization

GUAN Yunshan^1,2, WU Jing¹, CHENG Wenting¹, LI Jianfeng¹, CHENG Fangqin¹, WANG Xuming³

1 State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Efficient Resource-utilization Techniques of Coal Waste, Institute of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China;
2 School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China;
3 Department of Metallurgical Engineering, College of Mines and Earth Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, USA

Received:2014-10-23 Revised:2015-02-11 Online:2015-05-05 Published:2015-05-05
Supported by:
supported by the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2012DFA91500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21376144).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 用直接接触膜蒸馏处理高浓度的KCl和MgCl₂溶液,考察了盐水浓度(1.0～4.0 mol·L^-1)、循环流速(0.1～0.5 m·s^-1)对膜蒸馏性能的影响;结果表明:随着盐水浓度的升高,膜通量下降,这是由于盐溶液的蒸汽压(即溶液中水的活度)下降的缘故;当浓度超过3.0 mol·L^-1时,MgCl₂溶液的膜通量出现负值,这主要归结为MgCl₂溶液低的水的活度和高黏度的协同影响;提高循环流速,膜通量增大,尤其对高黏度的盐水(即MgCl₂溶液),增大流速对减少温度和浓度极化的影响更加有效。利用膜蒸馏-结晶耦合技术和间歇式操作,从高浓度KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O溶液中回收纯水和KCl结晶产品,考察了不同冷却方式对溶液过饱和度、KCl晶体形貌、粒度和粒度分布的影响。结果表明,自然冷却有利于形成形貌规整、粒度分布相对集中的结晶产品;在KCl降温过程中,自然冷却过程中的最大过冷度比快速降温过程小,从而有效地控制晶核形成的数量和晶体的生长速率。

关键词: 高浓度盐水, 直接接触膜蒸馏, 脱盐, 结晶, 粒度分布, 水活度

Abstract: Highly concentrated KCl and MgCl₂solutions were treated with direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). The effects of salt concentration (1.0—4.0 mol·L^-1) and circulation velocity (0.1—0.5 m·s^-1) on permeate flux were investigated. Permeate flux decreased with increasing concentration, which was attributed to vapor pressure reduction caused by decrease of water activity in the solution. Reversed flux occurred in the DCMD process of highly concentrated MgCl₂solution (>3.0 mol·L^-1) under the test conditions, which was due to the combined effect of lower water activity and higher viscosity of the fluid. Permeate fluxes increased with increasing circulation velocity, which was more effective to reduce the negative effect of temperature and concentration polarization for MgCl₂solution with higher viscosity. Membrane distillation-crystallization (MDC) of a highly concentrated solution of KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O was investigated for recovery of KCl crystalline product and pure water with batch operation mode. The effect of way of cooling on supersaturation of solution, morphology, and crystal size distribution was studied. KCl crystalline product with regular shape, tidy surface and concentrated particle size distribution was obtained by natural cooling and maximum degree of supercooling generated under natural cooling was lower than under quick cooling, which was beneficial to control nucleation amount and growth rate of KCl.

Key words: highly concentrated brine, DCMD, desalination, crystallization, size distribution, water activity

中图分类号:

关云山, 武警, 程文婷, 李剑锋, 程芳琴, 王旭明. 膜蒸馏-结晶耦合从高浓度KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O溶液中回收KCl[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(5): 1767-1776.

GUAN Yunshan, WU Jing, CHENG Wenting, LI Jianfeng, CHENG Fangqin, WANG Xuming. Recovery of KCl crystalline product from highly concentrated KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O solution with membrane distillation crystallization[J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(5): 1767-1776.

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膜蒸馏-结晶耦合从高浓度KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O溶液中回收KCl

Recovery of KCl crystalline product from highly concentrated KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O solution with membrane distillation crystallization

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