化工学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (9): 4122-4132.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220405
鲁统鹏1,2,3(), 潘晓林1,2,3(), 吴鸿飞1,2,3, 李煜1,2,3, 于海燕1,2,3()
收稿日期:
2022-03-22
修回日期:
2022-06-28
出版日期:
2022-09-05
发布日期:
2022-10-09
通讯作者:
潘晓林,于海燕
作者简介:
鲁统鹏(1995—),男,硕士研究生,danubeblue@foxmail.com
基金资助:
Tongpeng LU1,2,3(), Xiaolin PAN1,2,3(), Hongfei WU1,2,3, Yu LI1,2,3, Haiyan YU1,2,3()
Received:
2022-03-22
Revised:
2022-06-28
Online:
2022-09-05
Published:
2022-10-09
Contact:
Xiaolin PAN, Haiyan YU
摘要:
通过模拟拜耳法赤泥沉降过程研究了聚丙烯酸铵(PAAA)、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和氧肟酸絮凝剂(HPAM/HCPAM)对赤铁矿和针铁矿沉降性能的影响规律和絮凝后絮体的粒径分布及分形维数,并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱探讨了絮凝剂与铁矿相的吸附机理。在不同类型絮凝剂中,添加氧肟酸絮凝剂铁矿相沉降速度最快,且氧肟酸含量越高,沉降性能越好;聚丙烯酸铵和阴离子聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂对铁矿相沉降性能影响较小;同等条件下赤铁矿沉降速度要远高于针铁矿,增加絮凝剂添加量有助于提高针铁矿沉降速度。在赤铁矿絮体中,添加PAAA絮体粒径最大,HPAM絮体分形维数最大、致密性最好;在针铁矿絮体中,添加APAM絮体粒径最大,HCPAM絮体分形维数最大、致密性最好。氧肟酸絮凝剂与铁矿相形成结构稳定、吸附能力强的五元环状螯合物,增强了赤铁矿和针铁矿的絮凝效果;PAAA通过双齿桥接配位与赤铁矿表面发生吸附,通过单齿配位与针铁矿表面发生吸附,其吸附能力弱于五元环;APAM与赤铁矿和针铁矿表面发生化学吸附,沉降性能差。
中图分类号:
鲁统鹏, 潘晓林, 吴鸿飞, 李煜, 于海燕. 有机絮凝剂对铁矿相沉降性能影响及其吸附机理[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(9): 4122-4132.
Tongpeng LU, Xiaolin PAN, Hongfei WU, Yu LI, Haiyan YU. Effect of organic flocculant on settling performance of iron-bearing minerals and its adsorption mechanism[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(9): 4122-4132.
Flocculant type | Functional group |
---|---|
ammonium polyacrylate (PAAA) | —COO- |
anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) | —CONH2,—COO- |
mixed hydroxamic acid (HPAM) | —CONHOH,—CONH2,—COO- |
high content hydroxamic acid (HCPAM) | —CONHOH |
表1 不同絮凝剂的类型及官能团
Table 1 Types of different flocculants and functional groups
Flocculant type | Functional group |
---|---|
ammonium polyacrylate (PAAA) | —COO- |
anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) | —CONH2,—COO- |
mixed hydroxamic acid (HPAM) | —CONHOH,—CONH2,—COO- |
high content hydroxamic acid (HCPAM) | —CONHOH |
Iron-bearing mineral | Flocculant | v1/(m·h-1) | v5/(m·h-1) | Compression ratio/% | Supernatant turbidity/NTU |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
hematite | no flocculant | 0.621 | 0.738 | 24.88 | 70.71 |
PAAA | 0.771 | 0.842 | 25.71 | 136.59 | |
APAM | 0.481 | 0.718 | 26.83 | 114.53 | |
HPAM | 4.434 | 1.716 | 21.46 | 327.76 | |
HCPAM | 7.397 | 1.759 | 19.51 | 292.47 | |
goethite | no flocculant | 0.046 | 0.029 | 89.50 | 221.00 |
PAAA | 0.068 | 0.041 | 88.00 | 160.71 | |
APAM | 0.025 | 0.026 | 92.00 | 88.94 | |
HPAM | 0.246 | 0.211 | 62.50 | 32.47 | |
HCPAM | 0.305 | 0.508 | 53.00 | 30.41 |
表2 赤铁矿、针铁矿与不同絮凝剂作用下的沉降性能
Table 2 Settling performance of different flocculants with hematite and goethite
Iron-bearing mineral | Flocculant | v1/(m·h-1) | v5/(m·h-1) | Compression ratio/% | Supernatant turbidity/NTU |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
hematite | no flocculant | 0.621 | 0.738 | 24.88 | 70.71 |
PAAA | 0.771 | 0.842 | 25.71 | 136.59 | |
APAM | 0.481 | 0.718 | 26.83 | 114.53 | |
HPAM | 4.434 | 1.716 | 21.46 | 327.76 | |
HCPAM | 7.397 | 1.759 | 19.51 | 292.47 | |
goethite | no flocculant | 0.046 | 0.029 | 89.50 | 221.00 |
PAAA | 0.068 | 0.041 | 88.00 | 160.71 | |
APAM | 0.025 | 0.026 | 92.00 | 88.94 | |
HPAM | 0.246 | 0.211 | 62.50 | 32.47 | |
HCPAM | 0.305 | 0.508 | 53.00 | 30.41 |
Iron-bearing mineral | Flocculant | D(0.1)/μm | D(0.5)/μm | D(0.9)/μm | Specific surface area/(m2‧kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
hematite | no flocculant | 0.06 | 3.91 | 11.80 | 32390 |
PAAA | 14.33 | 63.07 | 186.33 | 182.13 | |
APAM | 11.40 | 42.38 | 186.00 | 223.73 | |
HPAM | 13.00 | 36.63 | 80.87 | 236.47 | |
HCPAM | 15.40 | 59.40 | 135.33 | 181.17 | |
goethite | no flocculant | 0.11 | 6.25 | 29.73 | 12230 |
PAAA | 13.10 | 43.60 | 125.00 | 83.27 | |
APAM | 14.60 | 46.10 | 99.50 | 80.23 | |
HPAM | 10.80 | 26.40 | 71.50 | 132.90 | |
HCPAM | 12.40 | 33.50 | 106.00 | 87.70 |
表3 赤铁矿、针铁矿与不同絮凝剂形成絮体的粒度参数
Table 3 Particle size of hematite and goethite flocs formed with different flocculants
Iron-bearing mineral | Flocculant | D(0.1)/μm | D(0.5)/μm | D(0.9)/μm | Specific surface area/(m2‧kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
hematite | no flocculant | 0.06 | 3.91 | 11.80 | 32390 |
PAAA | 14.33 | 63.07 | 186.33 | 182.13 | |
APAM | 11.40 | 42.38 | 186.00 | 223.73 | |
HPAM | 13.00 | 36.63 | 80.87 | 236.47 | |
HCPAM | 15.40 | 59.40 | 135.33 | 181.17 | |
goethite | no flocculant | 0.11 | 6.25 | 29.73 | 12230 |
PAAA | 13.10 | 43.60 | 125.00 | 83.27 | |
APAM | 14.60 | 46.10 | 99.50 | 80.23 | |
HPAM | 10.80 | 26.40 | 71.50 | 132.90 | |
HCPAM | 12.40 | 33.50 | 106.00 | 87.70 |
Iron-bearing mineral | Flocculant | Df | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | Average | ||
hematite | PAAA | 2.493 | 2.488 | 2.492 | 2.491 |
APAM | 2.436 | 2.443 | 2.447 | 2.442 | |
HPAM | 2.537 | 2.541 | 2.547 | 2.542 | |
HCPAM | 2.373 | 2.377 | 2.381 | 2.377 | |
goethite | PAAA | 2.224 | 2.238 | 2.248 | 2.237 |
APAM | 2.157 | 2.156 | 2.155 | 2.156 | |
HPAM | 2.324 | 2.331 | 2.338 | 2.331 | |
HCPAM | 2.433 | 2.434 | 2.433 | 2.433 |
表4 赤铁矿和针铁矿的分形维数
Table 4 Fractal dimension of hematite and goethite
Iron-bearing mineral | Flocculant | Df | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | Average | ||
hematite | PAAA | 2.493 | 2.488 | 2.492 | 2.491 |
APAM | 2.436 | 2.443 | 2.447 | 2.442 | |
HPAM | 2.537 | 2.541 | 2.547 | 2.542 | |
HCPAM | 2.373 | 2.377 | 2.381 | 2.377 | |
goethite | PAAA | 2.224 | 2.238 | 2.248 | 2.237 |
APAM | 2.157 | 2.156 | 2.155 | 2.156 | |
HPAM | 2.324 | 2.331 | 2.338 | 2.331 | |
HCPAM | 2.433 | 2.434 | 2.433 | 2.433 |
图6 赤铁矿、絮凝剂和絮凝后的赤铁矿絮体的FT-IR图(Ⅰ—絮凝剂;Ⅱ—赤铁矿;Ⅲ—絮凝后的赤铁矿)
Fig.6 FT-IR spectra of flocculants, hematite and flocculant-treated hematite(Ⅰ—flocculant;Ⅱ—hematite;Ⅲ—flocculant-treated hematite)
图8 针铁矿、絮凝剂和絮凝后的针铁矿絮体的FT-IR图(Ⅰ—絮凝剂;Ⅱ—针铁矿;Ⅲ—絮凝后的针铁矿)
Fig.8 FT-IR spectra of flocculants, goethite and flocculant-treated goethite(Ⅰ—flocculant;Ⅱ—goethite;Ⅲ—flocculant-treated goethite)
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