催化裂化再生器树枝状气体分布器喷嘴的射流特性

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170999

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在催化裂化装置中再生器底部通常设置有树枝状管式气体分布器，通过分布器上的喷嘴分布气体。但在实际运行过程中喷嘴常出现布气不均和磨损问题，影响其自身的布气性能和使用寿命。为此，在二维床实验装置上针对喷嘴的射流特性进行了实验研究。实验物料为FCC催化剂颗粒，喷嘴出口气速范围为30～70 m·s^-1，喷嘴喷射角度范围为0°～67.5°。实验用摄影观察法测量喷嘴射流的射流长度和附近的流场流态。实验结果表明射流长度随喷嘴气速和喷射角度的增大而变长。射流气体在向上翻转过程中，在树枝状管式气体分布器两分支管之间产生旋转涡流现象，旋转涡流的大小与喷嘴出口气速和安装角度有密切关系。最后基于实验数据，建立了喷嘴射流长度的计算模型。

关键词: 催化裂化, 气体分布器, 喷嘴, 射流特性, 射流长度

Abstract:

In the catalytic cracking unit, the bottom of the regenerator is equipped with a pipe grid gas distributor. The gas is distributed into the regenerator bed through the nozzles on the distributor. In the actual operation, there will be problems of uneven distribution of gas and a serious erosion wear phenomenon in the distributor, and they have influences on the distribution effect and life of the distributors. The study on the jet characteristics of the nozzle was carried out in a two-dimensional bed experimental device. The solid material used in the experiment is FCC catalyst particles. In the experiment, the gas flow velocity through the nozzles ranged from 30 m·s^-1 to 70 m·s^-1, and the jet angle of the nozzles was in the range of 0°-67.5°. The jet length of the nozzles and the flow field of the bed near the nozzle were recorded by photogrammetry. The results show that the jet length increases with increasing the nozzle gas velocity and the nozzle angle. During the process when jet gas is turned upwards, swirl vortex appears in the upper part between the two branch pipes. The swirl vortex has a great relationship to the gas velocity and the jet angle. The size of the vortex is related to the size of the dilute phase space. Finally, based on the experimental data, a calculation model about the nozzle jet length was established.

Key words: catalytic cracking, gas distributor, nozzle, jet characteristics, jet length

中图分类号:

TQ05

石睿捷, 王创博, 马玲, 严超宇, 魏耀东. 催化裂化再生器树枝状气体分布器喷嘴的射流特性[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(2): 655-663.

SHI Ruijie, WANG Chuangbo, MA Ling, YAN Chaoyu, WEI Yaodong. Jet characteristics of nozzle of pipe grid gas distributor in FCC regenerator[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(2): 655-663.

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