AlCl3·6H2O在盐酸体系中的结晶行为

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.10.029

化工学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (10): 3960-3967.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.10.029

AlCl₃·6H₂O在盐酸体系中的结晶行为

郭彦霞, 杨喜, 崔慧霞, 程芳琴, 杨凤玲

山西大学资源与环境工程研究所, 国家环境保护煤炭废弃物资源化高效利用技术重点实验室, 山西太原 030006

收稿日期:2014-03-07 修回日期:2014-05-27 出版日期:2014-10-05 发布日期:2014-10-05
通讯作者: 程芳琴
基金资助:
国家高技术研究发展计划项目（2011AA06A103）；山西省科技重大专项（20131101027）。

Crystallization behavior of AlCl₃·6H₂O in hydrochloric system

GUO Yanxia, YANG Xi, CUI Huixia, CHENG Fangqin, YANG Fengling

Institute of Resources and Environment Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China

Received:2014-03-07 Revised:2014-05-27 Online:2014-10-05 Published:2014-10-05
Supported by:
supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2011AA06A103) and the Shanxi Province Special Grand Science-Technology Project (20131101027).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了AlCl₃·6H₂O在盐酸体系中的结晶行为，考察了铁、钙、镁、钾、钠等杂质对AlCl₃·6H₂O结晶行为的影响，并利用聚焦光束反射测量技术（FBRM）和颗粒录影显微镜（PVM）探讨了不同盐酸滴加速度下AlCl₃·6H₂O的结晶粒度分布及形貌。结果表明，AlCl₃·6H₂O的结晶量随着盐酸加入量的增加而增加，当浓盐酸加入量为AlCl₃饱和溶液体积的2.25倍时，25℃时的结晶效率可达到80%。溶液中Fe的存在可促进AlCl₃·6H₂O的结晶，在1.5 mol·kg^-1的AlCl₃溶液中，当铝铁摩尔比低于3：1时，得到的AlCl₃·6H₂O晶体中铁的含量小于0.1%。钾、钙、镁、钠等杂质对AlCl₃·6H₂O的结晶影响不大。盐酸添加速度影响AlCl₃·6H₂O的形貌，快的盐酸添加速度易使晶体发生团聚，颗粒粒径小，盐酸添加速度较慢时，可得到颗粒较大、形貌好的单晶。

关键词: AlCl₃·6H₂O, 结晶, 盐酸, 杂质, 形貌, 粒度分布, 溶液

Abstract: AlCl₃·6H₂O, one of the most widely used inorganic compounds, is commonly prepared by leaching alumina from coal gangue and coal fly ash. Its quality depends strongly on the crystallization process. In this paper, the crystallization behavior of AlCl₃·6H₂O in hydrochloride system and the effect of impurities including Fe, Ca, Mg, K and Na on the crystallization were studied. The results showed that the crystallization efficiency of AlCl₃·6H₂O increased with the volume of concentrated HCl (36% by mass) added. The crystallization efficiency of AlCl₃·6H₂O reached 80% at 25℃ when the volume ratio of HCl to AlCl₃ solution was 2.25. The presence of Fe improved the crystallization efficiency of AlCl₃·6H₂O slightly. The content of Fe in AlCl₃·6H₂O crystallized from 1.5 mol·kg^-1 of AlCl₃ solution was < 0.1% by mass when the molar ratio Al:Fe was less than 3:1. Little effects of K, Ca, Mg and Na on the crystallization of AlCl₃·6H₂O were observed. Furthermore, the effect of feeding speed of concentrated hydrochloride on the particle size distribution and morphology of AlCl₃·6H₂O crystallization was investigated by focused beam reflectance measurement and particle vision measurement. It is demonstrated that a fast feeding speed of hydrochloride results in the formation of agglomerated crystals with small size, while a slower feeding speed leads to the formation of dispersive single-crystals with larger sizes and improved morphologies.

Key words: AlCl₃·6H₂O, crystallization, hydrochloride, impurity, morphology, particle size distribution, solution

中图分类号:

TQ115

郭彦霞, 杨喜, 崔慧霞, 程芳琴, 杨凤玲. AlCl₃·6H₂O在盐酸体系中的结晶行为[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(10): 3960-3967.

GUO Yanxia, YANG Xi, CUI Huixia, CHENG Fangqin, YANG Fengling. Crystallization behavior of AlCl₃·6H₂O in hydrochloric system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(10): 3960-3967.

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AlCl₃·6H₂O在盐酸体系中的结晶行为

Crystallization behavior of AlCl₃·6H₂O in hydrochloric system

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