垃圾焚烧飞灰对瓦斯爆炸压力及火焰传播的抑制作用及机理研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230740

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过自主搭建的可视化甲烷爆炸实验平台，在甲烷气体浓度为8%（富氧）、9.5%（当量）、12%（贫氧）的条件下，研究了不同质量的垃圾焚烧飞灰（FA）粉体对甲烷爆炸压力、火焰传播速度及火焰传播形态的影响。采用XRD分析、粒径分析、扫描电镜和热重分析对FA的成分、粒径、表面微观结构和热稳定性进行了分析，并结合物性表征分析了FA的抑爆机理。结果表明，FA对不同浓度甲烷爆炸均有较好的抑爆效果。本实验中，FA对于8%、9.5%、12%浓度甲烷最佳抑制的喷粉量分别为360、360、400 mg。FA粉体的加入，阻碍了甲烷爆炸火焰的发展传播，打乱了火焰形态，火焰强度明显减弱。FA的粒径较小，微观结构多孔，具有较大的比表面积和孔隙率，且具有较高的吸热性，其总质量损失为37.07%。FA粉体具有物理、化学双重抑爆性。

关键词: 爆炸, 垃圾焚烧飞灰, 抑制剂, 火焰传播

Abstract:

The effects of different mass of waste incineration fly ash ( FA ) powder on methane explosion pressure, flame propagation velocity and flame propagation morphology were studied by self-built visual methane explosion experimental platform under the conditions of methane gas concentration of 8% (oxygen-enriched), 9.5% (equivalent) and 12% (oxygen-poor). The composition, particle size, surface microstructure and thermal stability of FA were analyzed by XRD, particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Combined with physical characterization, the explosion suppression mechanism of FA was analyzed. The results show that FA has a good explosion suppression effect on different concentrations of methane explosion. In this experiment, the best spraying amount of FA for 8%, 9.5%, and 12% methane inhibition was 360 mg, 360 mg, and 400 mg, respectively. The addition of FA powder hinders the development and propagation of methane explosion flame, disrupts the flame shape, and the flame intensity is obviously weakened. The FA has smaller particle size, porous microstructure, larger specific surface area and porosity, and higher heat absorption, with a total mass loss change of 37.07%. FA powder has dual explosion suppression properties of physics and chemistry.

Key words: explosion, waste incineration fly ash, explosive inhibitor, flame propagation

中图分类号:

TD 712

杨克, 贾岳, 纪虹, 邢志祥, 蒋军成. 垃圾焚烧飞灰对瓦斯爆炸压力及火焰传播的抑制作用及机理研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3597-3607.

Ke YANG, Yue JIA, Hong JI, Zhixiang XING, Juncheng JIANG. Study on the inhibition effect and mechanism of waste incineration fly ash on gas explosion pressure and flame propagation[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3597-3607.

图/表 13

图1 甲烷爆炸实验系统

Fig.1 Experimental system of methane explosion

图2 粒径分布

Fig.2 Particle size distribution

图3 XRD分析

Fig.3 XRD analysis

图4 FA表面形貌SEM图

Fig.4 SEM images of FA surface

图5 FA的TG及DTG曲线

Fig.5 TG and DTG curves of FA

图 6 不同质量的FA对抑制9.5%甲烷爆炸的影响

Fig.6 The effect of different mass FA on the suppression of 9.5 % methane explosion

图7 不同质量的FA抑制8%、12%甲烷爆炸压力图

Fig.7 Pressure diagrams of 8% and 12% methane explosion suppression by FA with different mass

图 8 8%、12%甲烷压力达到峰值的时间

Fig.8 The time when the pressure of 8% and 12% methane reaches the peak value

图9 8%、9.5%、12%纯甲烷火焰速度曲线

Fig.9 8%, 9.5%, 12% pure methane flame speed curve

图10 不同质量的FA粉体抑制甲烷爆炸的火焰速度曲线

Fig.10 Flame velocity curves of different mass FA powders inhibiting methane explosion

图11 不同质量的FA对8%甲烷爆炸的火焰传播图

Fig.11 Flame propagation of 8% methane explosion with different mass of FA

表1 不同工况下35、100 ms时火焰传播距离

Table 1 Flame propagation distance at 35 ms and 100 ms under different working conditions

粉体质量/mg	35 ms火焰传播距离/cm	100 ms火焰传播距离/cm
0	24.82	67.31
240	28.18	66.21
280	17.25	55.24
320	18.54	51.62
360	8.84	34.42
400	15.10	46.74

图12 FA粉体甲烷抑爆机理分析

Fig.12 Analysis of methane explosion suppression mechanism of FA powder

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