草酸盐和碳酸氢盐抑制聚乙烯粉尘爆炸特性

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220790

化工学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (9): 4207-4216.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220790

草酸盐和碳酸氢盐抑制聚乙烯粉尘爆炸特性

王燕(), 何佳, 杨晶晶, 林晨迪, 纪文涛()

河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院，河南焦作 454003
河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，河南焦作 454003
煤炭安全生产与清洁利用省部共建协同创新中心，河南焦作 454003

收稿日期:2022-06-05 修回日期:2022-06-25 出版日期:2022-09-05 发布日期:2022-10-09
通讯作者: 纪文涛
作者简介:王燕(1982—)，女，博士，教授，yanwang@hpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51904094);河南省优秀青年科学基金项目(212300410042);中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M672228);河南省重点研发与推广专项（科技攻关）(202102310292);河南省高等学校重点项目(20A620003)

Inhibition of polyethylene dust explosion by oxalate and bicarbonate

Yan WANG(), Jia HE, Jingjing YANG, Chendi LIN, Wentao JI()

College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, Henan, China
State Key Laboratory Cultivation Bases for Gas Geology and Gas Control, Jiaozuo 454003, Henan, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo 454003, Henan, China

Received:2022-06-05 Revised:2022-06-25 Online:2022-09-05 Published:2022-10-09
Contact: Wentao JI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究草酸盐和碳酸氢盐抑制聚乙烯粉尘爆炸特性，选取NaHCO₃、KHCO₃、Na₂C₂O₄和K₂C₂O₄四种粉体，从火焰结构和火焰传播速度两方面分析其对聚乙烯粉尘爆炸的抑制性能，并结合抑爆粉体的理化性质分析抑爆机理。结果表明，四种抑爆粉体均可抑制聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰传播，且抑制效果随抑爆粉体浓度增加而增强。相同条件下，抑爆性能KHCO₃>NaHCO₃>K₂C₂O₄>Na₂C₂O₄，即钾盐粉体抑爆性能优于具有相同酸根离子的钠盐，碳酸氢盐粉体抑爆性能优于具有相同金属离子的草酸盐。另外，结合抑爆粉体热解特性测试及爆炸产物分析，探究了四种抑爆粉体的抑爆机理及离子构成带来的抑爆性能差异性原因。

关键词: 爆炸, 草酸盐, 碳酸氢盐, 粉体, 安全, 抑爆特性

Abstract:

In order to study the suppression characteristics and mechanism of oxalate and bicarbonate on the explosion flame of polyethylene dust, two kinds of bicarbonate powders ( NaHCO₃, KHCO₃ ) and two kinds of oxalate powders ( Na₂C₂O₄, K₂C₂O₄ ) were selected. The inhibition performance of oxalate and bicarbonate on flame propagation of polyethylene dust explosion was analyzed from two aspects of flame structure and flame propagation velocity. Combined with the physical and chemical properties of four kinds of explosion suppression powders, the mechanism of inhibiting polyethylene dust explosion was analyzed. The results show that all four kinds of explosion suppression powder can inhibit the flame propagation of polyethylene dust explosion, and the inhibition effect increases with the increase of the concentration of explosion suppression powder. Under the same explosion inhibitor concentration, KHCO₃ had the best explosion suppression performance, followed by NaHCO₃, and then K₂C₂O₄ and Na₂C₂O₄. That is, the explosion suppression performance of potassium salt powder was better than that of sodium salt with the same acid radical ion, and the explosion suppression performance of bicarbonate powder was better than that of oxalate with the same metal ion. The four kinds of explosion suppression powders all have physical and chemical explosion suppression properties. In terms of physics, bicarbonate powder mainly has the functions of thermal desorption, dilution of oxygen and thermal shielding, while oxalate only has the functions of dilution of oxygen and thermal shielding. In terms of chemical, four kinds of explosion suppression powders can be pyrolyzed to produce active free radicals Na· and K·, and react with the high active radicals H· and OH· produced by polyethylene dust explosion to form Na·⇔NaOH and K·⇔KOH cyclic reaction, and then play an explosion suppression role by interrupting the chain reaction.

Key words: explosion, oxalate, bicarbonate, dust, safety, explosion suppression characteristic

中图分类号:

X 937

王燕, 何佳, 杨晶晶, 林晨迪, 纪文涛. 草酸盐和碳酸氢盐抑制聚乙烯粉尘爆炸特性[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(9): 4207-4216.

Yan WANG, Jia HE, Jingjing YANG, Chendi LIN, Wentao JI. Inhibition of polyethylene dust explosion by oxalate and bicarbonate[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(9): 4207-4216.

图/表 12

图1 抑爆粉体粒径分布

Fig.1 Particle size distribution of explosion suppression powders

图2 聚乙烯粉体粒径分布

Fig.2 Particle size distribution of polyethylene powder

图3 管道爆炸测试系统示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of pipeline explosion test system

图4 不同浓度下聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰

Fig.4 Flame shapes of polyethylene dust at different concentrations

图5 不同浓度下聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰平均传播速度

Fig.5 Average propagation velocity of polyethylene dust explosion flame at different concentrations

图6 四种不同浓度抑爆粉体作用下0.20 g/L聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰结构

Fig.6 Flame structure of 0.20 g/L polyethylene dust explosion under the action of four explosion suppression powders with different concentrations

表1 四种不同浓度抑爆粉体作用下0.20 g/L聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰锋面到达管道顶端时间

Table 1 Time of 0.20 g/L polyethylene dust explosion flame front reaching the top of the pipe under the action of four explosion suppression powders with different concentrations

抑爆粉体	火焰锋面到达管道顶端时间/ms
抑爆粉体	20%	40%	60%	80%
NaHCO₃	40.0	50.5	54.5	82.0
KHCO₃	45.0	51.0	85.0	151.0
Na₂C₂O₄	34.5	36.0	44.0	59.0
K₂C₂O₄	36.0	37.0	48.0	78.0

图7 四种抑爆粉体作用下0.20 g/L聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰锋面位置随时间变化规律

Fig.7 Variation of flame front position of 0.20 g/L polyethylene dust explosion with time under the action of four explosion suppression powders

图8 四种抑爆粉体作用下0.20 g/L聚乙烯粉尘爆炸火焰平均传播速度变化规律

Fig.8 Variation of average propagation velocity of 0.20 g/L polyethylene dust explosion flame under the action of four explosion suppression powders

图9 四种抑爆粉体的热分解特性

Fig.9 Thermal decomposition characteristics of four explosion suppression powders

图10 四种抑爆粉体作用下聚乙烯粉尘爆炸产物分析

Fig.10 Analysis of explosion products of polyethylene dust under the action of four explosion suppression powders

图11 四种粉体抑爆机理示意图

Fig.11 Schematic diagram of explosion suppression mechanism of four powders

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草酸盐和碳酸氢盐抑制聚乙烯粉尘爆炸特性

Inhibition of polyethylene dust explosion by oxalate and bicarbonate

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