化工学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (S1): 329-337.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20221620
收稿日期:
2022-11-15
修回日期:
2022-12-25
出版日期:
2023-06-05
发布日期:
2023-09-27
通讯作者:
王林
作者简介:
常明慧(1998—),女,硕士研究生,1980597284@qq.com
基金资助:
Minghui CHANG(), Lin WANG(), Jiajia YUAN, Yifei CAO
Received:
2022-11-15
Revised:
2022-12-25
Online:
2023-06-05
Published:
2023-09-27
Contact:
Lin WANG
摘要:
为解决供热采暖期的电力峰谷问题,提出了盐溶液蓄能型热泵循环,由压缩热泵子系统与盐溶液储释能子系统构成复叠循环实现热能储存与品位提升,利用多层储液思想设计盐溶液储罐结构提升蓄能密度。在建立新循环热力学数学模型的基础上,研究关键运行参数对新循环的性能影响,并评估比较了新循环、传统空气源蓄能热泵和空气源热泵的经济性。研究结果表明:新循环综合制热性能系数低于传统空气源蓄能热泵及空气源热泵,但其蓄能密度和经济性均优于传统两种热泵循环。在300 kW供热量设计负荷下,新循环综合制热性能系数较传统空气源蓄能热泵降低4.76%,但新循环蓄能密度是传统空气源蓄能热泵的2.2倍,而新循环费用年值较传统空气源热泵及空气源蓄能热泵分别降低1.46%和29.00%。
中图分类号:
常明慧, 王林, 苑佳佳, 曹艺飞. 盐溶液蓄能型热泵循环特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 329-337.
Minghui CHANG, Lin WANG, Jiajia YUAN, Yifei CAO. Study on the cycle performance of salt solution-storage-based heat pump[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 329-337.
状态点 | 蓄能阶段参数 | 数值 | 状态点 | 释能阶段参数 | 数值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 蒸发温度/℃ | 22.3 | 4 | 蒸发温度/℃ | -15 |
1 | 蒸发压力/kPa | 612.8 | 4 | 蒸发压力/kPa | 164.1 |
5 | 蒸发冷凝器入口焓/(kJ/kg) | 145.7 | 4 | 风冷换热器入口焓/(kJ/kg) | 101.2 |
1 | 蒸发冷凝器出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 259.6 | 3 | 风冷换热器出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 238.3 |
3 | 冷凝温度/℃ | 65 | 1 | 冷凝温度/℃ | 36.7 |
3 | 冷凝压力/kPa | 1889.3 | 1 | 冷凝压力/kPa | 928.3 |
2 | 溶液解吸器入口焓/(kJ/kg) | 286.9 | 1 | 蒸发冷凝器入口焓/(kJ/kg) | 283.3 |
3 | 溶液解吸器出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 145.7 | 5 | 蒸发冷凝器出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 101.2 |
5 | 制冷剂质量流量/(kg/s) | 2.74 | 5 | 制冷剂质量流量/(kg/s) | 1.68 |
— | 蒸发冷凝器负荷/kW | 312.1 | — | 蒸发冷凝器负荷/kW | 305.1 |
— | 溶液解吸器负荷/kW | 387.1 | — | 风冷换热器负荷/kW | 229.8 |
— | 风冷换热器/kW | 47.0 | — | 压缩机功率/kW | 75.3 |
— | 压缩机功率/kW | 75.0 | 8′ | 蒸发温度/℃ | 31.7 |
10 | 浓溶液焓/(kJ/kg) | 135.1 | 8′ | 蒸发压力/kPa | 4.67 |
6 | 溶液热交换器稀溶液出口温度/℃ | 54 | 8′ | 水蒸气焓/(kJ/kg) | 2558.5 |
6 | 溶液热交换器稀溶液出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 112.8 | 9 | 溶液热交换器浓溶液出口温度/℃ | 33 |
6′ | 水蒸气压力/kPa | 3.62 | 9 | 溶液热交换器浓溶液出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 108.5 |
6′ | 过热水蒸气焓/(kJ/kg) | 2613.9 | 6 | 稀溶液焓值/(kJ/kg) | 137.0 |
8 | 组分水焓/(kJ/kg) | 114.3 | 6 | 稀溶液质量流量/(kg/s) | 1.37 |
— | 溶液发生热/kW | 341.1 | 6 | 溶液热交换器换热量/kW | 33.2 |
— | 组分水质量流量/(kg/s) | 0.125 | — | 盐溶液储罐容积/(m3/h) | 3.27 |
— | 组分水储罐容积/(m3/h) | 0.45 | — | 溶液冷却器负荷/kW | 300 |
— | 泵功率/kW | 0.42 | — | 泵功率/kW | 0.39 |
— | CCOP | 2.0 | — | ESD/(kWh/m3) | 80.65 |
表1 标准设计工况下循环状态参数
Table 1 State parameters under standard design conditions
状态点 | 蓄能阶段参数 | 数值 | 状态点 | 释能阶段参数 | 数值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 蒸发温度/℃ | 22.3 | 4 | 蒸发温度/℃ | -15 |
1 | 蒸发压力/kPa | 612.8 | 4 | 蒸发压力/kPa | 164.1 |
5 | 蒸发冷凝器入口焓/(kJ/kg) | 145.7 | 4 | 风冷换热器入口焓/(kJ/kg) | 101.2 |
1 | 蒸发冷凝器出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 259.6 | 3 | 风冷换热器出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 238.3 |
3 | 冷凝温度/℃ | 65 | 1 | 冷凝温度/℃ | 36.7 |
3 | 冷凝压力/kPa | 1889.3 | 1 | 冷凝压力/kPa | 928.3 |
2 | 溶液解吸器入口焓/(kJ/kg) | 286.9 | 1 | 蒸发冷凝器入口焓/(kJ/kg) | 283.3 |
3 | 溶液解吸器出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 145.7 | 5 | 蒸发冷凝器出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 101.2 |
5 | 制冷剂质量流量/(kg/s) | 2.74 | 5 | 制冷剂质量流量/(kg/s) | 1.68 |
— | 蒸发冷凝器负荷/kW | 312.1 | — | 蒸发冷凝器负荷/kW | 305.1 |
— | 溶液解吸器负荷/kW | 387.1 | — | 风冷换热器负荷/kW | 229.8 |
— | 风冷换热器/kW | 47.0 | — | 压缩机功率/kW | 75.3 |
— | 压缩机功率/kW | 75.0 | 8′ | 蒸发温度/℃ | 31.7 |
10 | 浓溶液焓/(kJ/kg) | 135.1 | 8′ | 蒸发压力/kPa | 4.67 |
6 | 溶液热交换器稀溶液出口温度/℃ | 54 | 8′ | 水蒸气焓/(kJ/kg) | 2558.5 |
6 | 溶液热交换器稀溶液出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 112.8 | 9 | 溶液热交换器浓溶液出口温度/℃ | 33 |
6′ | 水蒸气压力/kPa | 3.62 | 9 | 溶液热交换器浓溶液出口焓/(kJ/kg) | 108.5 |
6′ | 过热水蒸气焓/(kJ/kg) | 2613.9 | 6 | 稀溶液焓值/(kJ/kg) | 137.0 |
8 | 组分水焓/(kJ/kg) | 114.3 | 6 | 稀溶液质量流量/(kg/s) | 1.37 |
— | 溶液发生热/kW | 341.1 | 6 | 溶液热交换器换热量/kW | 33.2 |
— | 组分水质量流量/(kg/s) | 0.125 | — | 盐溶液储罐容积/(m3/h) | 3.27 |
— | 组分水储罐容积/(m3/h) | 0.45 | — | 溶液冷却器负荷/kW | 300 |
— | 泵功率/kW | 0.42 | — | 泵功率/kW | 0.39 |
— | CCOP | 2.0 | — | ESD/(kWh/m3) | 80.65 |
图2 蓄能阶段压缩热泵子系统冷凝温度对CCOP及压缩机功率的影响
Fig.2 Effects of condensation temperature of compression heat pump subsystem in storage stage on CCOP and compressor power
图4 释能阶段压缩热泵子系统蒸发温度对CCOP及压缩机功率的影响
Fig.4 Effects of evaporation temperature of compression heat pump subsystem in discharge stage on CCOP and compressor power
系统 | 容量 | 台数 | 初投资 费用/万元 | 运行 费用/(万元/a) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
传统ASHP | 壳管冷凝器 | 300 | 1 | 4.8 | 128.7(总费用) | 2.880 |
翅片蒸发器 | 170 | 1 | 2.9 | |||
压缩机 | 130 | 1 | 118 | |||
热水泵 | 26 | 2 | 0.6 | |||
电子膨胀阀 | — | 1 | 0.6 | |||
储液罐 | — | 1 | 0.6 | |||
电子自动控制器 | — | 1 | 1.2 | |||
传统AEHP | 壳管冷凝器 | 300 | 1 | 4.8 | 198.5(总费用) | 1.383 |
翅片蒸发器 | 158 | 1 | 2.7 | |||
压缩机 | 142 | 1 | 123 | |||
热水泵 | 26 | 2 | 0.6 | |||
蓄能罐 | 81 | 2 | 1.5 | |||
RT65 | 63.5 | 1 | 63.5 | |||
储液罐 | — | 1 | 0.6 | |||
电子自动控制器 | — | 1 | 1.2 | |||
电子膨胀阀 | — | 1 | 0.6 | |||
SEHP循环 | 溶液解吸器 | 387 | 1 | 5 | 126.5(总费用) | 2.875 |
蒸发冷凝器 | 312 | 1 | 2.5 | |||
风冷换热器 | 230 | 1 | 1.6 | |||
压缩机 | 75 | 1 | 41 | |||
溶液冷却器 | 300 | 1 | 1.4 | |||
溶液热交换器 | 33 | 1 | 0.5 | |||
组分水泵 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.1 | |||
盐溶液泵 | 3.3 | 2 | 0.2 | |||
热水泵 | 26 | 2 | 0.4 | |||
盐溶液储罐 | 33 | 1 | 0.4 | |||
组分水储罐 | 4.5 | 1 | 0.1 | |||
溴化锂溶液 | 49.3 | 1 | 73 | |||
节流阀 | — | 1 | 0.3 |
表2 三种系统初投资及运行费用比较
Table 2 Comparison of initial investment and operating costs of three systems
系统 | 容量 | 台数 | 初投资 费用/万元 | 运行 费用/(万元/a) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
传统ASHP | 壳管冷凝器 | 300 | 1 | 4.8 | 128.7(总费用) | 2.880 |
翅片蒸发器 | 170 | 1 | 2.9 | |||
压缩机 | 130 | 1 | 118 | |||
热水泵 | 26 | 2 | 0.6 | |||
电子膨胀阀 | — | 1 | 0.6 | |||
储液罐 | — | 1 | 0.6 | |||
电子自动控制器 | — | 1 | 1.2 | |||
传统AEHP | 壳管冷凝器 | 300 | 1 | 4.8 | 198.5(总费用) | 1.383 |
翅片蒸发器 | 158 | 1 | 2.7 | |||
压缩机 | 142 | 1 | 123 | |||
热水泵 | 26 | 2 | 0.6 | |||
蓄能罐 | 81 | 2 | 1.5 | |||
RT65 | 63.5 | 1 | 63.5 | |||
储液罐 | — | 1 | 0.6 | |||
电子自动控制器 | — | 1 | 1.2 | |||
电子膨胀阀 | — | 1 | 0.6 | |||
SEHP循环 | 溶液解吸器 | 387 | 1 | 5 | 126.5(总费用) | 2.875 |
蒸发冷凝器 | 312 | 1 | 2.5 | |||
风冷换热器 | 230 | 1 | 1.6 | |||
压缩机 | 75 | 1 | 41 | |||
溶液冷却器 | 300 | 1 | 1.4 | |||
溶液热交换器 | 33 | 1 | 0.5 | |||
组分水泵 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.1 | |||
盐溶液泵 | 3.3 | 2 | 0.2 | |||
热水泵 | 26 | 2 | 0.4 | |||
盐溶液储罐 | 33 | 1 | 0.4 | |||
组分水储罐 | 4.5 | 1 | 0.1 | |||
溴化锂溶液 | 49.3 | 1 | 73 | |||
节流阀 | — | 1 | 0.3 |
系统 | 初投资/万元 | 运行费用/万元 | 费用年值 (0~15年)/万元 |
---|---|---|---|
传统ASHP | 128.7 | 2.880 | 19.80 |
传统AEHP | 198.5 | 1.383 | 27.48 |
SEHP循环 | 126.5 | 2.875 | 19.51 |
表3 三种系统费用年值
Table 3 Comparison of annual costs of three systems
系统 | 初投资/万元 | 运行费用/万元 | 费用年值 (0~15年)/万元 |
---|---|---|---|
传统ASHP | 128.7 | 2.880 | 19.80 |
传统AEHP | 198.5 | 1.383 | 27.48 |
SEHP循环 | 126.5 | 2.875 | 19.51 |
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