振动工况下喷雾冷却传热性能

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240483

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

喷雾冷却能够满足高性能芯片、动力电池等电子设备热管理需求，但是振动环境下喷雾参数对传热的影响尚不明晰。搭建了一套封闭式喷雾冷却试验系统，使用低沸点电子氟化液HFE-649作为冷却工质，研究不同振动条件下喷雾流量及喷雾角度对喷雾冷却换热性能的影响。结果表明，喷雾冷却的临界热通量（CHF）均随着频率和流量的增加而增加，在低频大振幅工况下喷雾冷却CHF增强得最为明显，相比高频低振幅工况提高了18.8%，喷雾角度为75°时在各个振动工况下具有最佳换热能力。利用无量纲分析法拟合喷雾冷却换热关联式，95%以上的试验数据点落在±12%的误差范围内。拟合结果良好，可为喷雾冷却应用于电池热管理提供理论参考。

关键词: 喷雾冷却, 振动, 喷雾流量, 喷雾角度, 临界热通量

Abstract:

Spray cooling can meet the thermal management needs of electronic devices such as high-performance chips and power batteries, but the influence of spray parameters on heat transfer under vibration environment is still unclear. Therefore, a set of closed spray cooling test system was built, and the effects of spray flow rate and spray angle on the heat transfer performance of spray cooling under different vibration conditions were investigated by using low-boiling-point e-fluoride liquid HFE-649 as the cooling medium. The results show that the critical heat flow density (CHF) of spray cooling increases with the increase of frequency and flow rate, and the enhancement of CHF of spray cooling is most obvious under low-frequency large-amplitude condition, which is 18.8% higher than that of high-frequency low-amplitude condition. When the spray angle is 75°, it has the best heat transfer capacity under various vibration conditions. The correlation equation of heat transfer of spray cooling was fitted by using the dimensionless analysis method, and more than 95% of the experimental data points fell within the error range of ±12%, which is a good fitting result and provides a theoretical reference for the application of spray cooling to the thermal management of batteries.

Key words: spray cooling, vibration, spray flow, spray angle, critical heat flux

中图分类号:

U 471.15

黄金佐, 李兆华, 陈新文, 钱玉琪, 张萌, 周航, 赵修聪. 振动工况下喷雾冷却传热性能[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(12): 4523-4531.

Jinzuo HUANG, Zhaohua LI, Xinwen CHEN, Yuqi QIAN, Meng ZHANG, Hang ZHOU, Xiucong ZHAO. Heat transfer capacity of spray cooling under vibration environment[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(12): 4523-4531.

图/表 10

图1 振动喷雾冷却试验台及部分试验装置示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of vibration spray cooling test stand and part of test equipment

表1 试验工况

Table 1 Experimental conditions

参数	数值
振频/Hz	5~25，20~100，150~350
振幅/mm	0.02，0.2，2
喷嘴高度/mm	18.4
喷雾角度/(°)	60，70，75，80，90
喷雾流量/(cm³/(cm²·s))	2.0，2.4，2.8，3.2

图2 不同喷雾角度及不同喷雾流量

Fig.2 Different spray angles and different spray flow

图3 不同振动工况下热通量与过热度的关系曲线

Fig.3 Heat flux against ΔTsat with various vibration

图4 不同振动工况下CHF与喷雾流量的关系曲线

Fig.4 Relationship between critical heat flux and spray flow rate under various vibration

图5 不同振动工况下传热系数与喷雾流量的关系曲线

Fig.5 Relationship between heat transfer coefficient and spray flow rate under various vibration

图6 不同振动工况下CHF与喷雾角度的关系曲线

Fig.6 Relationship between critical heat flux and spray angle under various vibration

图7 不同振动工况下表面传热系数与喷雾角度的关系曲线

Fig.7 Relationship between surface heat transfer coefficient and spray angle under various vibration

图8 不同流量下CHF误差分析

Fig.8 Analysis of CHF error under different flow rates

图9 不同角度工况下CHF误差分析

Fig.9 Analysis of CHF error under different angle working conditions

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