起伏振动水平管气液两相流型及转变机理

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20231294

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

起伏振动下气液两相流型的准确判定对漂浮核电站参数设计有重要意义。对起伏振动水平管气液两相流型特性进行实验研究，定义了起伏振动新流型并得到了气液相分布变化规律，揭示了管径、振频和振幅对流型转变界限的影响规律，建立了泡状流-间歇流和间歇流/分层流-环状流的转变关系式。结果表明，在起伏振动下水平管内出现泡状流、间歇流、分层流以及环状流四种流型，其中间歇流包括泡-弹间歇和弹-塞间歇两种，且气液相分布随振动位置的变化呈规律性改变。在气相折算速度不变的条件下，管径、振频、振幅增加会使泡状流-间歇流边界向上移动，间歇流-分层流边界向下移动。在液相折算速度一定的条件下，管径、振频、振幅增加会使间歇流/分层流-环状流边界向右移动。考虑了振动的影响，建立适用于低频高幅起伏振动的间歇流向泡状流与环状流转变模型，预测和实验结果的相对误差绝对值的平均值分别为7.62%和12.68%。

关键词: 起伏振动, 气液两相流, 流型, 转变, 预测

Abstract:

The accurate determination of gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns under fluctuating vibration is of great significance for the design of floating nuclear power plants. Experimental research was conducted on the characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern in horizontal tube under fluctuating vibration. New flow patterns were defined and the distribution law of gas-liquid phase was obtained. The influence of pipe diameter, vibration frequency and amplitude on the transition boundary of the flow patterns was revealed. Finally, the transition relationships between bubbly flow and intermittent flow as well as that between intermittent or stratified flow and annular flow were established. The results show that there are four flow regimes, namely bubble flow, intermittent flow, stratified flow and annular flow. It is interesting that the intermittent flow has two types, which are bubble slug intermittent flow and slug plug intermittent flow. Besides, the distribution of gas-liquid two-phase shows a regular change with the change of vibration position. With the same gas superficial velocity, the boundary between bubble flow and intermittent flow moves upwards with the increase of pipe diameter, vibration frequency and amplitude, meanwhile the boundary between intermittent flow and stratified flow move downwards. Under the condition that the liquid phase conversion velocity is constant, increases in pipe diameter, vibration frequency, and amplitude will cause the intermittent flow/stratified flow-annular flow boundary to move to the right. Taking into account the influence of vibration, the transition boundary of intermittent flow to bubbly flow and annular flow were established suitable for low frequency and high amplitude fluctuating vibration. The mean absolute relative errors of prediction and experimental results are 7.62% and 12.68%, respectively.

Key words: fluctuating vibration, gas-liquid flow, flow regimes, transform, prediction

中图分类号:

TL 334

刘起超, 张世博, 周云龙, 李昱庆, 陈聪, 冉议文. 起伏振动水平管气液两相流型及转变机理[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(2): 493-504.

Qichao LIU, Shibo ZHANG, Yunlong ZHOU, Yuqing LI, Cong CHEN, Yiwen RAN. Gas-liquid two-phase flow regimes and transformation mechanism in horizontal tube under fluctuating vibration[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(2): 493-504.

图/表 16

图1 起伏振动台

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of fluctuating vibration table

图2 水平管气液两相流实验系统

Fig.2 Experimental system of gas-liquid two-phase flow in horizontal pipe

表1 测量仪器及不确定度

Table 1 Experimental instrument and uncertainty

测量参数	仪器	量程	精度	相对不确定度/%
水流量	电磁流量计（DN15）	0~4 m³/h	0.5%	1.17~10.52
水流量	电磁流量计（DN50）	0~10 m³/h	0.5%	1.17~10.52
气流量	质量流量计（DN15）	0~10 m³/h(标准工况)	0.5%	0.57~15.71
气流量	质量流量计（DN20）	0~30 m³/h(标准工况)	0.5%	0.57~15.71
水体积	量筒	2000 ml	20 ml	0.54~12.8

图3 静止状态水平管流型

Fig.3 Flow regimes in static horizontal pipe

图4 起伏振动水平管流型

Fig.4 Flow regimes in horizontal pipe under fluctuating vibration

图5 不同运动位置时的气泡厚度变化

Fig.5 Changes in bubble thickness at different positions

图6 管径对流型转变界限的影响

Fig.6 The effect of pipe diameter on the transition boundary of the flow regimes

表2 管径对流型转变界限的影响

Table 2 Effect of pipe diameter on the transition boundary of the flow regimes

管径/mm	液相折算速度平均变化率/%		气相折算速度平均变化率/%
管径/mm	泡状流-间歇流	间歇流-分层流	环状流边界
15~20	9.01	11.66	9.29
20~25	9.18	16.78	8.1

图7 振动频率对流型转变界限的影响

Fig.7 The effect of vibration frequency on the transition boundary of the flow regimes

表3 振动频率对流型转变界限的影响

Table 3 Effect of vibration frequency on the transition boundary of the flow regimes

振频/Hz	液相折算速度平均变化率/%		气相折算速度平均变化率/%
振频/Hz	泡状流-间歇流	间歇流-分层流	环状流边界
0.42~0.70	6.02	11.34	6.55
0.70~0.98	5.82	10.8	6.15

图8 振动幅度对流型转变界限的影响

Fig.8 Effect of vibration amplitude on the transition boundary of the flow regimes

表4 振动幅度对流型转变界限的影响

Table 4 Effect of vibration amplitude on transition boundary of the flow regimes

振幅/mm	液相折算速度平均变化率/%		气相折算速度平均变化率/%
振幅/mm	泡状流-间歇流	间歇流-分层流	环状流边界
100~150	6.43	11.28	7.25
150~180	6.61	12.21	5.91

图9 水平管泡状流气泡受力分析

Fig.9 Force analysis of bubbles in horizontal tube

图10 泡状流-间歇流转变界限实验值与理论预测值结果对比

Fig.10 Comparison of experimental and theoretical predicted values for the transition boundary between bubbly flow and intermittent flow

图11 泡状流-间歇流转变界限预测误差分布

Fig.11 Error distribution in predicting the transition boundary between bubbly flow and intermittent flow

图12 环状流转变界限实验值与理论预测值结果对比

Fig.12 Comparison of experimental and theoretical predicted values for the transition boundary of annular flow

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