异质结构MoS2/RGO/NiFe2O4复合材料的构筑及电磁波吸收性能研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241516

化工学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (7): 3719-3732.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20241516

• 材料化学工程与纳米技术 • 上一篇下一篇

异质结构MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄复合材料的构筑及电磁波吸收性能研究

郭铮铮¹^,²(), 赵一丹¹, 王辅强¹, 裴璐¹, 靳彦岭¹, 任芳¹^,², 任鹏刚¹()

^1.西安理工大学印刷包装与数字媒体学院，陕西西安 710048
^2.四川大学高分子材料工程国家重点实验室，四川成都 610065

收稿日期:2024-12-30 修回日期:2025-03-02 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-13
通讯作者: 任鹏刚
作者简介:郭铮铮（1995—），男，博士，讲师，guozz@xaut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52102303);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBMS-275);陕西省教育厅一般专项科学研究计划项目（自然专项）(24JK0568);高分子材料工程国家重点实验室开放课题基金项目(sklmpe2024-1-16);西安市科技计划项目(24GXFW0059);西安理工大学博士科研启动基金项目(108/451123004);西安理工大学研究生科研资助基金项目(108/252082401)

Construction and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄ composites with heterogeneous architecture

Zhengzheng GUO¹^,²(), Yidan ZHAO¹, Fuqiang WANG¹, Lu PEI¹, Yanling JIN¹, Fang REN¹^,², Penggang REN¹()

^1.Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, Shaanxi, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China

Received:2024-12-30 Revised:2025-03-02 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-08-13
Contact: Penggang REN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着现代无线通信技术的蓬勃发展和广泛应用，自由空间充斥着大量的电磁波，造成严重的电磁辐射污染。开发强电磁波吸收能力的复合材料是解决这一问题常用且有效的策略。为此，通过简单的两步溶剂热法制备了异质结构MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄（MRN）复合材料。MoS₂和NiFe₂O₄的引入不仅有效缓解了RGO高电导率造成的阻抗失配，而且丰富了电磁波损耗机制。改善的阻抗匹配和丰富的电磁波损耗机制的协同作用使MRN3复合材料在石蜡基体中填充比为15%（质量分数）时，实现了强的最小反射损耗（-54.13 dB）和宽的有效吸收带宽（6.27 GHz）。此外，雷达散射截面模拟有力证实了MRN复合材料在实际应用中的有效性。

关键词: 复合材料, 合成, 界面, 多尺度, 异质结构, 电磁波吸收

Abstract:

With the vigorous development and widespread application of modern wireless communication technology, free space is filled with a large number of electromagnetic waves, causing serious electromagnetic radiation pollution. Developing composite materials with strong electromagnetic wave absorption ability is a common and effective strategy to solve this problem. Herein, the MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄ (MRN) composites with heterogeneous architecture were prepared by a facile two-step solvothermal method. The incorporation of MoS₂ and NiFe₂O₄ not only effectively alleviates the impedance mismatch caused by the high conductivity of RGO, but also enriched the EMW loss mechanism. The synergistic effect of improved impedance matching and rich EMW loss mechanisms enables the MRN3 composite to achieve strong minimum reflection loss (-54.13 dB) and wide effective absorption bandwidth (6.27 GHz) at a low filling ratio of 15%(mass). In addition, radar cross section simulation strongly confirms the effectiveness of the prepared MRN composites used in practical applications.

Key words: composites, synthesis, interface, multiscale, heterogeneous architecture, electromagnetic wave absorption

中图分类号:

TB 34

郭铮铮, 赵一丹, 王辅强, 裴璐, 靳彦岭, 任芳, 任鹏刚. 异质结构MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄复合材料的构筑及电磁波吸收性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(7): 3719-3732.

Zhengzheng GUO, Yidan ZHAO, Fuqiang WANG, Lu PEI, Yanling JIN, Fang REN, Penggang REN. Construction and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄ composites with heterogeneous architecture[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(7): 3719-3732.

图/表 12

图1 (a)NiFe2O4和(b)MRN复合材料的制备流程示意图

Fig.1 Schematic illustration of fabrication procedure of (a) NiFe2O4 and (b) MRN composites

图2 (a)X射线衍射谱图；(b)Raman谱图；(c)磁滞回线；(d)XPS谱图；MRN3的高分辨率XPS谱图：(e) C 1s，(f) Mo 3d，(g) S 2p，(h) Fe 2p和(i) Ni 2p (1 Oe=79.5775 A/m, 1 emu=103 A/m)

Fig.2 (a) XRD patterns; (b) Raman spectra; (c) Magnetic hysteresis loops; (d) XPS spectra of the prepared samples; High-resolution XPS spectra of (e) C 1s, (f) Mo 3d, (g) S 2p, (h) Fe 2p, (i) Ni 2p of MRN3 (1 Oe=79.5775 A/m, 1 emu=103 A/m)

图3 (a) NiFe2O4，(b)、(f) MRN1，(c)、(g) MRN2，(d)、(h) MRN3和 (e) MoS2/RGO的扫描电镜图； (i) MRN3复合材料的面扫描结果

Fig.3 SEM images of (a) NiFe2O4, (b),(f) MRN1, (c）,（g) MRN2, (d), (h) MRN3 and (e) MoS2/RGO； (i) EDS mapping images of MRN3

图4 (a)~(c)MRN1-15，(d）~（f)MRN2-15和(g）~（i)MRN3-15的二维反射损耗图、三维反射损耗图和顶视图

Fig.4 2D RL curves, 3D RL profiles and top views of (a)—(c) MRN1-15, (d)—(f) MRN2-15 and (g)—(i) MRN3-15

图5 MRN复合材料的(a)介电常数实部，(b)介电常数虚部，(c)介电损耗正切，(d)磁导率实部，(e)磁导率虚部，(f)磁损耗正切，(g)~(i)Cole-Cole曲线和(j)C0曲线

Fig.5 (a) ε′ values, (b) ε″ values, (c) dielectric loss tangent, (d) μ′ values, (e) μ″ values, (f) magnetic loss tangent, (g)—(i) Cole-Cole curves and (j) C0 curves of MRN composites

图6 3.64 mm厚度下不同样品的(a)阻抗匹配、(b)衰减常数；(c)3.64 mm厚度下MRN3-15样品的反射损耗、衰减常数与阻抗匹配间的关系；(d)3.64 mm厚度下不同样品的反射损耗；(e)不同厚度MRN3-15复合材料的反射损耗、匹配厚度和阻抗匹配间的关系

Fig.6 (a) Impedance matching and (b) attenuation constant of the prepared samples with the thickness of 3.64 mm; (c) The relationship between RL, attenuation constant and impedance matching of MRN3 composite with the thickness of 3.64 mm; (d) RL values of various samples with the thickness of 3.64 mm; (e) The relationship between RL, tm and impedance matching of MRN3 composite with various thicknesses

图7 (a)~(c)MRN3-10、(d)~(f)MRN3-15和(g)~(i)MRN3-20的二维反射损耗曲线、三维反射损耗图和顶视图

Fig.7 2D RL curves, 3D RL profiles and top views of (a)—(c) MRN3-10, (d)—(f) MRN3-15 and (g)—(i) MRN3-20

图8 MRN3-10、MRN3-15和MRN3-20的(a)介电常数实部、(b)介电常数虚部、(c)介电损耗正切、(d)磁导率实部、(e)磁导率虚部、(f)磁损耗正切和(g)~(i)Cole-Cole曲线

Fig.8 (a) ε′ values, (b) ε″ values, (c) dielectric loss tangent, (d) μ′ values, (e) μ″ values and (f) magnetic loss and (g)—(i) Cole-Cole curves of MRN3-10, MRN3-15 and MRN3-20

图9 MRN3在不同填充比下的(a)阻抗匹配（3.64 mm厚度下）、(b)衰减常数和(c)C0曲线

Fig.9 (a) Impedance matching at thickness of 3.64 mm, (b) attenuation constant and (c) C0 curves of MRN3 under different filling ratios

图10 (a)MRN复合材料的电磁波吸收机理示意图；(b)本工作与已报道工作在反射损耗及厚度方面的比较；(c)本工作与已报道工作在反射损耗、有效吸收带宽、填料含量方面的综合对比

Fig.10 (a) Schematic diagram of the EMW absorption mechanism of MRN composites; (b) A comparison with previously reported works based on the thickness and reflection loss; (c) A comprehensive comparison according to the absorber content, EAB and RLmin

表1 制备的样品与最近报道的材料综合对比

Table 1 Comprehensive comparison of the prepared samples with recently reported materials

样品	填料含量/%	RL_min/dB	t_m/mm	EAB /GHz	文献
Cu/Cu₂O-CF@MoS₂	40	-56.0	4.0	4.14	[1]
nano-carbon foam	30	-48.61	2.0	5.35	[3]
Fe₃C@NC/GO	20	-40.05	2.1	3.17	[31]
RGO/SiO₂	30	-47.43	3.8	12.72	[32]
Fe/Fe₃O₄@C@MoS₂	60	-36.1	1.8	5.9	[33]
Ni-MoS₂/TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T _x	60	-48.04	2.5	3.28	[34]
VSe₂/CNT	50	-50.06	6.19	3.32	[35]
PEDOT/Fe₃O₄/rGO	30	-52.4	1.46	3.52	[36]
Co/CoO/RGO	50	-32.4	3.5	4.2	[37]
NiFe₂O₄/Fe₃O₄/PANI/MWCNT	—	-47.5	4.6	4.0	[38]
1T′-MoSe₂/GO	10	-52.08	1.8	5.3	[39]
MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄ (MRN)	15	-54.13	3.64	6.27	本工作

图11 (a)PEC、(b)MRN1-15、(c)MRN2-15、(d)MRN3-15的三维雷达散射截面模拟图；(e)MRN1-15、MRN2-15、MRN3-15在不同入射角度下的雷达散射截面模拟曲线；(f)MRN在特定入射角度下雷达散射截面信号减小值

Fig.11 3D RCS plots for the (a) PEC substrates and PEC substrates covered with (b) MRN1-15, (c) MRN2-15, (d) MRN3-15; (e) RCS simulation curves of MRN1-15, MRN2-15, MRN3-15 under various incident angels; (f) RCS reduction values of the prepared MRN at specific angles

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异质结构MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄复合材料的构筑及电磁波吸收性能研究

Construction and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of MoS₂/RGO/NiFe₂O₄ composites with heterogeneous architecture

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