吸湿液滴与混合润湿性表面协同抑霜特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241175

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

抑制冷凝结霜对于各种防霜冻应用来说至关重要。然而，在表面边缘或缺陷处的过冷液滴结冰，最终会导致整个表面结冰。为此，设计制作了六种亲疏水表面结合吸湿溶液进行实验。结霜实验表明，改变吸湿液滴的空间分布对延缓霜层传播速度有显著影响。其中，十六等分等间距断环状表面在设定工况下，霜层整体覆盖时间为228~251 min，与其他吸湿溶液抑霜研究相比，抑霜性能提升了64%~74%。扩大了吸湿溶液和亲疏水表面的应用范围，并为设计具有定制防冻特性的表面提供了有价值的见解。

关键词: 冷凝结霜, 霜晶传播, 冰桥传播, 超疏水, 传质, 热力学, 凝结

Abstract:

Suppression of condensation frosting is essential for a variety of frost protection applications. However, icing of supercooled droplets at surface edges or defects can eventually lead to icing of the entire surface. For this reason, six hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface-bound hygroscopic solutions were designed and fabricated for experiments in this paper. Frosting tests show that changing the spatial distribution of the hygroscopic droplets has a significant effect on retarding the frost propagation rate. Among them, discontinuous ringlike stripe biphilic with breakpoint 16 (DRSB-16) showed an overall frost coverage time of 228—251 min under the set working conditions, which improved the frost suppression performance by 64%—74% compared with other hygroscopic solution frost suppression studies. The application of hygroscopic solutions and hydrophilic surfaces is expanded and valuable insights are provided for the application of amphiphilic surfaces and for the design of surfaces with customized frost protection properties.

Key words: condensation frost, frost crystal propagation, ice bridge propagation, superhydrophobic, mass transfer, thermodynamics, condensation

中图分类号:

TK 123

苏伟, 赵大海, 金旭, 刘忠彦, 李静, 张小松. 吸湿液滴与混合润湿性表面协同抑霜特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(S1): 140-151.

Wei SU, Dahai ZHAO, Xu JIN, Zhongyan LIU, Jing LI, Xiaosong ZHANG. Delaying condensation frosting using biphilic surfaces coupled with spatial control of liquid desiccant[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(S1): 140-151.

图/表 10

图1 表面制备流程图

Fig.1 Flow chart of surface preparation

图2 霜层传播可视化系统示意图1—三轴平台;2—循环水箱;3—环境控制室;4—半导体冷台;5—工业相机镜头;6—工业相机;7—显示装置;8—空气混合腔;9—温湿度传感器;10—温湿度控制器;11—干燥剂;12—加湿器;13—LED灯

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the frost layer propagation visualization system

图3 超疏水表面与亲疏水表面冷凝结霜对比图

Fig.3 Comparison of condensation frosting on superhydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces

图4 理论计算结果示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of theoretical calculation results

图5 六种不同形状亲疏水表面

Fig.5 Six different shapes of biphilic surfaces

图6 表面温度为-10℃(a)、-15℃(b)时环状亲疏水表面（距离0.4 cm）、环状亲疏水表面（距离0.3 cm）和环状条纹亲疏水表面的霜层覆盖率及霜层传播速度(c)

Fig.6 Frost coverage of RB(D=0.4), RB(D=0.3) and RSB at Tw=-10℃(a), Tw =-15℃(b); Frost propagation velocity (c)

图7 表面温度为-10℃(a)、-15℃(b)时，四等分等间距断环状表面、八等分等间距断环状表面和十六等分等间距断环状表面的霜层覆盖率及霜层传播速度(c)

Fig.7 Frost coverage of DRSB-4, DRSB-8 and DRSB-16 at Tw=-10℃(a), Tw =-15℃(b); Frost propagation velocity (c)

图8 表面温度为-10℃时，环状亲疏水表面（距离0.4 cm）、环状亲疏水表面（距离0.3 cm）和环状条纹亲疏水表面的液滴半径和数量

Fig.8 Radius and number of droplets on the RB(D=0.4), RB(D=0.3) and RSB at Tw = -10℃

图9 表面温度为-10℃时，四等分等间距断环状表面、八等分等间距断环状表面和十六等分等间距断环状表面的液滴半径和数量

Fig.9 Radius and number of droplets on the DRSB-4, DRSB-8 and DRSB-16 at Tw= -10℃

图10 (a)吸湿溶液抑制结霜机理图；(b)环状亲疏水表面（距离0.3 cm）液滴冷凝；(c)四等分等间距断环状表面液滴冷凝；(d)八等分等间距断环状表面液滴冷凝；(e)十六等分等间距断环状表面液滴冷凝

Fig.10 (a) Mechanism of frost inhibition by hygroscopic solution; (b) Condensation of droplets on RB(D=0.3); (c) Condensation of droplets on DRSB-4; (d) Condensation of droplets on DRSB-8; (e) Condensation of droplets on DRSB-16

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