CIESC Journal ›› 2020, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (6): 2752-2759.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20191370

• Material science and engineering, nanotechnology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Highly dispersed SiO2/petroleum pitch-derived porous carbon composite as anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Zhengzheng XIA1(),Jialiang LIU1,Jianjie NIU1,Han HU1,Qingshan ZHAO1(),Mingbo WU2()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China
    2.College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China
  • Received:2019-11-11 Revised:2020-02-03 Online:2020-06-05 Published:2020-06-05
  • Contact: Qingshan ZHAO,Mingbo WU

高分散SiO2/石油沥青基多孔碳用于锂离子电池负极

夏争争1(),刘加亮1,牛建杰1,胡涵1,赵青山1(),吴明铂2()   

  1. 1.中国石油大学(华东)化学工程学院,重质油国家重点实验室,山东 青岛 266580
    2.中国石油大学(华东)石大兖矿新能源学院, 山东 青岛 266580
  • 通讯作者: 赵青山,吴明铂
  • 作者简介:夏争争(1995—),男,硕士研究生,1515926489@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019QB016);山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2018ZC1458);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(18CX02015A)

Abstract:

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) as anode material for lithium ion batteries has the characteristics of high theoretical capacity, low discharge potential, and low cost. However, its poor conductivity, severe volume expansion during charge and discharge processes, and rapid capacity decay hinders the practical application. By employing petroleum asphalt as the carbon source, silane coupling agent (KH-540) surface modified α-Fe2O3 as the template, highly dispersed SiO2/petroleum-based porous carbon composite (SiO2/PC) was prepared through carbonization, acid pickling procedures. Serving as anode material for lithium ion batteries, the prepared SiO2/PC exhibited excellent specific capacity and cyclability. The battery delivers a reversible specific capacity of 640 mA·h·g-1 after 900 cycles at a high current density of 1 A·g-1. The results show that the highly dispersed SiO2 was in-situ formed during the carbonization process, which could be tightly and firmly immobilized on the porous carbon surface. Such structure can efficiently prevent the agglomeration/pulverizationof SiO2 and buffer the volume expansion during charge and discharge processes, leading to the excellent electrochemical performance.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, anode material, highly-dispersed SiO2, petroleum pitch, porous carbon

摘要:

二氧化硅(SiO2)作为锂离子电池负极材料具有理论容量高、放电电位低、成本较低等特点,但存在导电性差、充放电过程体积膨胀严重以及容量衰减过快等问题。以石油沥青为碳源,利用硅烷偶联剂KH-540对纳米α-Fe2O3模板剂进行表面化学包覆,然后将硅源修饰模板剂与碳源混合,经碳化、酸洗等步骤得到高分散SiO2/石油沥青基多孔碳(SiO2/PC)。所得SiO2/PC作为锂离子电池负极材料,在1 A·g-1电流密度下,循环900圈后仍具有640 mA·h·g-1的高可逆比容量。研究结果表明,高度纳米化的SiO2在高温碳化过程原位生成,紧密牢固地负载于多孔碳表面,提高了其导电性,同时能够有效缓解SiO2在充放电过程中的体积膨胀,抑制SiO2的团聚或粉化,从而表现出优异的电化学性能。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 负极材料, 高分散SiO2, 石油沥青, 多孔碳

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