Abstract:

Graphene has attracted extensive attention in many fields because of its unique two-dimensional structure and excellent physical properties. The preparation of high-quality graphene is the premise of realizing its application value. Although there are many preparation methods for graphene, the development of green, low-cost and large-scale preparation strategy is still full of challenges. Highly crystalline graphene nanosheets can be obtained through the exfoliation of graphite using physical methods. Due to the advantages of cheap, green, stable, easily separated and reusable, the supercritical CO₂ fluid exhibits a great potential in the preparation of graphene. Focusing on the preparation methods, the research progress in recent years about the preparation of graphene by using supercritical CO₂ method has been reviewed. Especially, the employed process intensification technique has been highlighted in this field. This review can provide insights for the high-efficiency conversion of graphite into high-yield graphene in future.

Key words: graphene, preparation, supercritical fluid, carbon dioxide, process intensification

摘要：

石墨烯因其独特的二维结构和优异的物理性能在众多领域中引起了广泛的关注，高质量石墨烯的制备是实现其应用价值的前提。尽管目前石墨烯的制备方法较多，但是开发绿色、低成本、规模化制备方法的道路仍然充满挑战。物理法剥离石墨能够实现高结晶石墨烯的制备，特别是超临界CO₂流体具有廉价、绿色、稳定、易分离且可重复利用的优势，在石墨烯制备上展现出巨大的应用潜力。以超临界CO₂制备石墨烯为出发点，梳理了近年来超临界CO₂法剥离石墨制备石墨烯的研究进展，重点阐述了制备过程中的强化剥离手段，期望对未来石墨烯材料的制备提供思路。

关键词: 石墨烯, 制备, 超临界流体, 二氧化碳, 过程强化