Abstract:

Ammonium nitrate based explosives do not undergo self-sustained combustion when the pressure is lower than some threshold value, which is called the minimum burning pressure (MBP). The MBP has become a significant parameter in the production and management of ammonium nitrate based explosives. In order to study the effect of oil content on the safety of ammonium nitrate, the MBP values of samples were measured by pressurized vessel test. At room temperature, samples with 0 to 10% oil content were measured, and the MBP values of the samples were reduced from 6 MPa to 1.59 MPa. Samples with 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% oil content were measured at 20℃, 75℃ and 100℃, and the MBP values of the samples decreased from 2.25, 2.01, 1.75 and 1.59 MPa to 1.51, 1.05, 0.41 and 0.21 MPa, respectively. The results showed that the MBP values decreased with the increase of oil content at normal temperature. In addition, the MBP values of the ammonium nitrate mixed with oil decreased obviously when the initial temperature was increased.

Key words: ammonium nitrate, oil content, minimum burning pressure, safety, mixing, pyrolysis

摘要：

在硝铵类炸药相关的生产、管理过程中，最小点火压力（MBP）已经成为重要的安全参数。工业炸药中硝酸铵常常与油相混合，为了研究混油硝酸铵在生产、储存及运输中的安全性，运用MBP值对其进行安全评估。使用热丝点火的方法探究温度及油含量对硝铵类炸药MBP值的影响。常温下对油含量为0~10%的11组样品进行测量，样品的MBP值从大于6 MPa，不断降低至1.59 MPa。并在20、75、100℃下分别对不同油含量的样品进行MBP值测量，油含量为4%、6%、8%、10%样品的MBP值分别从2.25、2.01、1.75、1.59 MPa降低至1.51、1.05、0.41、0.21 MPa。实验结果表明，常温下，混油硝酸铵样品的MBP值随油含量的升高而降低；控制样品的组分不变，得到样品在不同初始温度下的MBP值，则温度升高，混油硝酸铵的MBP值有明显的降低趋势。

关键词: 硝酸铵, 油含量, 最小点火压力, 安全, 混合, 热解