Effect of divinylbenzene-assisted maleic anhydride grafted poly(lactic acid) on properties of microcrystalline cellulose/poly(lactic acid) composites

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180715

Abstract

Abstract:

The effect of maleic anhydride (MAH)/divinylbenzene (DVB) grafted polylactic acid (PLA-g-DVB/MAH) on the properties of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)/polylactic acid(PLA) composites was investigated. PLA-g-DVB/MAH graft polymer was synthesized by free-radical melt grafting using divinylbenzene(DVB) as a comonomer. MCC/PLA composites were prepared by injection molding using PLA-g-DVB/MAH as a compatibilizer. The molecular structure of PLA-g-St/MAH was characterized by FTIR and the influence of PLA-g-DVB/MAH on the rheological and mechanical properties of the MCC/PLA composites was also investigated. The results showed that MAH was grafted onto PLA and the graft copolymer of PLA-g-DVB/MAH was obtained successfully. Storage modulus, complex viscosity, equilibrium torque and shear heat increased with the addition of PLA-g-DVB/MA; The interfacial compatibility and the mechanical properties of MCC/PLA composites were significantly improved using PLA-g-DVB/MAH as a compatibilizer.

Key words: polylactic acid, composites, divinylbenzene, rheology, interface

摘要：

研究了马来酸酐(MAH)/二乙烯基苯(DVB)接枝聚乳酸(PLA-g-DVB/MAH)对微晶纤维素(MCC)/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料性能的影响。首先采用熔融接枝法，将DVB作为MAH的共聚单体接枝到PLA分子链上制备PLA-g-DVB/MAH接枝聚合物，然后以PLA-g-DVB/MAH为相容剂，采用注射成型法制备MCC/PLA复合材料。利用FTIR对PLA-g-DVB/MAH进行表征，探究了PLA-g-DVB/MAH对MCC/PLA复合材料流变及力学性能的影响。结果表明，MAH成功接枝到PLA上，并得到接枝聚合物PLA-g-DVB/MAH；添加PLA-g-DVB/MAH后，MCC/PLA复合材料的储能模量、复数黏度、平衡扭矩以及剪切热都有明显升高；PLA-g-DVB/MAH的添加有利于改善MCC和PLA的界面相容性，进而提高了MCC/PLA复合材料的力学性能。

关键词: 聚乳酸, 复合材料, 二乙烯基苯, 流变学, 界面

CLC Number:

TB 332

Fayang WANG, Jun DU, Lu DAI, Haichao WU, Youyong WANG, Yongming SONG. Effect of divinylbenzene-assisted maleic anhydride grafted poly(lactic acid) on properties of microcrystalline cellulose/poly(lactic acid) composites[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(1): 327-335.

王发扬, 杜军, 代璐, 吴海超, 王友勇, 宋永明. 马来酸酐/二乙烯基苯接枝聚乳酸对微晶纤维素/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(1): 327-335.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1 Compositions of various MCC/PLA composites

Sample	PLA/% (mass)	MCC/% (mass)	Relative to mass of MCC and PLA
Sample	PLA/% (mass)	MCC/% (mass)	PLA-g-DVB/MAH/%(mass)
PC	80	20	0
PCD1	80	20	1
PCD3	80	20	3
PCD5	80	20	5
PCD7	80	20	7

Fig.1 FTIR spectra of PLA and PLA-g-DVB/MAH

Table 2 Influence of DVB on grafting degree

Sample	Grafting degree/%
PLA-g-MAH	0.59
PLA-g-DVB/MAH	1.99

Fig.2 Possible mechanism for melt grafting of MAH onto PLA with DVB as comonomer

Fig.3 Dynamic rheological properties of MCC/PLA composites with different content of PLA-g-DVB/MAH

Table 3 Melt flow rate of PLA and grafted copolymer

Sample	MFR/(g·(10 min)^－1)
PLA	13.23
PLA-g-MAH	24.23
PLA-g-MAH/DVB	17.22

Fig.4 Curves depicting torque and temperature as a function of time of MCC /PLA composites with different content of PLA-g-DVB/MAH

Table 4 Torque rheological parameters of MCC/PLA composites with different content of PLA-g-DVB/MAH

Sample	T _e/(N·m)	ΔT/℃
PC	3.82	7.77
PCD1	5.89	8.76
PCD3	6.50	9.89
PCD5	6.16	9.28
PCD7	5.36	8.35

Fig.5 Mechanical properties of MCC/PLA composites with different content of PLA-g-DVB/MAH

Fig.6 Possible reaction mechanism of MCC/PLA composites in presence of PLA-g-DVB/MAH

Table 5 Mechanical properties of MCC/PLA composites comprising compatibilizer with different degrees

Sample	Tensile strength/MPa	Flexural strength/MPa	Impact strength/(kJ·m^－2)	Elongation at break/%
PC	45.23±1.31	97.05±0.56	13.1±0.71	3.81±0.11
PCM3	50.33±0.51	105.39±1.32	15.66±0.2	4.01±0.1
PCD3	54.38±0.69	113.17±0.51	17.62±0.14	4.38±0.11

Fig.7 SEM micrographs of the fractured surface of MCC/PLA composites with different content of PLA-g-DVB/MAH

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