Modeling and material balance analysis of desalination systems

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180767

Abstract

Abstract:

Industrial fresh water desalination systems normally involve membrane(e.g. ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis etc.), ion exchangers and storage tanks. Note that ion exchange and membrane separation processes can be operated semi-continuously and they can be considered as batch partitioning regeneration units with a single inlet and two outlet streams. However, there is limited research on the synthesis of batch water networks involving freshwater desalination. This work established flow rate balance and contaminant mass balance model for batch partitioning regeneration units and tanks in the desalinated water system. According to the different demand for desalinated water under different condition, the GAMS software platform is used to solve the mathematical model. The needed capacity of each storage tank and the fresh water usage in each condition are determined via solving the model. The capacity of the storage tank can be designed according to the maximum capacity requirement of each storage tank. Simplified industrial case studies validate the validity of the proposed model.

Key words: desalination systems, batch water network, mathematical model

摘要：

新鲜水的工业除盐系统通常涉及膜分离（例如超滤、反渗透等），阴阳离子交换树脂床和储罐等。其中离子交换和膜分离单元可看作单入口双出口的半连续过程单元，具有间歇用水过程的特征。然而，尚未有关于除盐水系统的间歇水网络综合的研究报告。对除盐水系统中双出口半连续单元和水箱分别建立流量衡算、杂质质量衡算模型和储罐模型。根据不同工况下除盐水的需求量，利用GAMS软件平台对建立的数学模型进行求解，得出除盐水系统中每个储罐的容量和对应的新鲜水用量。进一步根据储罐最大容量需求，设计出满足不同工况条件下储罐容量。简化的工业案例研究验证了所提出模型的有效性。

关键词: 除盐, 间歇水网络, 数学模型

CLC Number:

TQ 21. 8

Zhuang ZHANG, Chun DENG, Hailan SUN, Xiao FENG. Modeling and material balance analysis of desalination systems[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(2): 646-652.

张壮, 邓春, 孙海兰, 冯霄. 除盐水系统建模与物料衡算分析[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(2): 646-652.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of desalination systems

Fig.2 Semi-continuous unit time chart

Fig.3 Schematics of water-using units: semi-continuous units

Fig.4 Schematic of a storage tank

Table 1 Parameters of semi-continuous units

Process unit	Water production ratio	Conductivity/ (μS·cm^-1)
UF unit	0.85	200
concentrate UF unit	0.75	400
RO unit	0.85	60
anion and cation bed unit	0.95	5

Fig.5 Comparison of dosage and tank capacity in demineralized water system under multiple operating conditions

C	——水杂质集合
$C i c i n, m a x$	——进口水杂质浓度上限，μS·cm^-1
$C i c o u t, m a x$	——出口水杂质浓度上限，μS·cm^-1
C_wc	——新鲜水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c i c t i n$	——在时间间隔t内进入半连续单元i的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c i c t o u t$	——在时间间隔t内从半连续单元i出来的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c s c t i n$	——在时间间隔t内进储罐s的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c s c t o u t$	——在时间间隔t内出储罐s的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c' s c t o u t$	——在时间点t从储罐s出来的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$F s L$	——储罐s进口水体积流量下限，t·h^-1
$F s U$	——储罐s进口水体积流量上限，t·h^-1
$f i i n$	——进入半连续单元i的水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f i o u t$	——从半连续单元i出来的的水体积流量，t·h^-1
f_ist	——在时间间隔t内从半连续单元i进储罐s的水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f i s t p r o d$	——在时间间隔t内进半连续单元i产品水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f i s t r e s d$	——在时间间隔t内半连续单元i产浓缩水体积流量，t·h^-1
f_sit	——在时间间隔t内从储罐s进半连续单元i的水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f s t i n$	——在时间间隔t内进储罐s的水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f s t o u t$	——在时间间隔t内出储罐s的水体积流量，t·h^-1
f_wit	——在时间间隔t内新鲜水进半连续单元i的水体积流量，t·h^-1
I^sc	——半连续单元集合
$Q s c a p$	——储罐s容量
q_st	——在时间点t储罐s内水量
R_i	——产水率
S		——储罐集合
T		——时间集合
W		——新鲜水集合
Δ_t		——时间间隔长度，h
?₁		——新鳟水消耗的总量
上角标
cap		——容量
in		——入口
L		——下限
max		——最大值
out	——出口
prod	——产品水
resd	——浓缩水
U	——上限
下角标
c	——水质指标，杂质浓度
i	——半连续单元
s	——储罐
T	——某时刻，时间点
t	——时间
t-1	——上一个操作时间点
w	——水源

C	——水杂质集合
$C i c i n, m a x$	——进口水杂质浓度上限，μS·cm^-1
$C i c o u t, m a x$	——出口水杂质浓度上限，μS·cm^-1
C_wc	——新鲜水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c i c t i n$	——在时间间隔t内进入半连续单元i的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c i c t o u t$	——在时间间隔t内从半连续单元i出来的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c s c t i n$	——在时间间隔t内进储罐s的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c s c t o u t$	——在时间间隔t内出储罐s的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$c' s c t o u t$	——在时间点t从储罐s出来的水杂质浓度，μS·cm^-1
$F s L$	——储罐s进口水体积流量下限，t·h^-1
$F s U$	——储罐s进口水体积流量上限，t·h^-1
$f i i n$	——进入半连续单元i的水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f i o u t$	——从半连续单元i出来的的水体积流量，t·h^-1
f_ist	——在时间间隔t内从半连续单元i进储罐s的水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f i s t p r o d$	——在时间间隔t内进半连续单元i产品水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f i s t r e s d$	——在时间间隔t内半连续单元i产浓缩水体积流量，t·h^-1
f_sit	——在时间间隔t内从储罐s进半连续单元i的水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f s t i n$	——在时间间隔t内进储罐s的水体积流量，t·h^-1
$f s t o u t$	——在时间间隔t内出储罐s的水体积流量，t·h^-1
f_wit	——在时间间隔t内新鲜水进半连续单元i的水体积流量，t·h^-1
I^sc	——半连续单元集合
$Q s c a p$	——储罐s容量
q_st	——在时间点t储罐s内水量
R_i	——产水率
S		——储罐集合
T		——时间集合
W		——新鲜水集合
Δ_t		——时间间隔长度，h
?₁		——新鳟水消耗的总量
上角标
cap		——容量
in		——入口
L		——下限
max		——最大值
out	——出口
prod	——产品水
resd	——浓缩水
U	——上限
下角标
c	——水质指标，杂质浓度
i	——半连续单元
s	——储罐
T	——某时刻，时间点
t	——时间
t-1	——上一个操作时间点
w	——水源

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