Abstract:

As an important unconventional crude oil resource in the world, heavy oil is a significant resource that guarantees country??s energy security, and major engineering needs. At present, heavy oil reservoirs which currently developed by conventional thermal recovery technology are entering the later stage of recovery. The problems of high energy consumption, high pollution and high cost in those reservoirs are becoming more and more serious, so it is in urgent need of recovery technology upgrading. In-situ upgrading of heavy oil is an irreversible reduction of viscosity in the reservoir, which is recognized as one of the most remarkable next-generation heavy oil recovery technologies in recent decade. This paper expounds the technical connotation from the technical mechanism, the modification catalyst and the effect of the production. Based on a large number of representative achievements of major research institutions and enterprises in domestic and overseas, comprehensive classification statistics were conducted on related researches of domestic and overseas according to the type of catalyst, reaction temperature and viscosity reduction effect. Existing field tests are compared by the production method and production effect. Aiming at two key-restricting problems, the next development direction is put forward.

Key words: heavy oil, in-situ upgrading, viscosity, catalyst, reaction

摘要：

稠油作为全球重要的非常规原油资源，是保障我国能源安全、重大工程需求的重要资源。目前常规的热采稠油油藏陆续进入开采后期，高能耗、高污染、高成本问题日趋严重，亟需依靠技术换代实现开发方式升级。稠油地下改质是通过向油藏中注入改质催化剂，使其与稠油发生化学反应，实现稠油地下不可逆降黏并高效采出的一种开采方式，是近十年来最受瞩目的下一代稠油开采技术之一。本文从技术机理、改质催化剂及开采效果影响因素三方面阐述了技术内涵，通过系统调研国内外相关学者和企业的代表性成果，按照催化剂种类、反应温度和降黏效果等进行综合性分类统计，对比了现有矿场试验的开采方式和采油效果，指出制约技术应用的两个关键问题，并展望了技术未来发展方向。

关键词: 稠油, 地下改质, 黏度, 催化剂, 反应