Abstract:

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) are a new type of porous materials constructed by metal ions or metal clusters with organic ligands through coordination bonds. They show advantages such as diverse structures, high specific surface area, high porosity, and diversified regulation of structures and properties. In recent years, MOF has gradually attracted attention in different fields such as adsorption/separation, catalysis, and sensing. However, the scale-up preparation of MOF faces many challenges, including stringent synthesis conditions, prolonged reaction times, reduced yields, and increased costs. Therefore, researchers are exploring various new synthesis methods, such as hydrothermal/solvothermal, rapid room temperature synthesis, solvent reflux, base-assisted, mechanochemical, electrochemical, microwave-assisted, spray-drying, ultrasonic, dry gel conversion, and accelerated aging methods. Thus, the methods for scale-up preparation of MOF are reviewed, and factors like cost, environmental impact, safety, and practical feasibility are assessed. Additionally, the article will briefly discuss advances in MOF shaping technologies to accelerate progress in those fields. The future challenges and opportunities for scale-up preparation and shaping of MOF materials are envisioned.

Key words: metal-organic frameworks (MOF), chemical new materials, scale-up preparation, material forming, industrial application, preparation, safety, porous medium

摘要：

金属-有机框架（MOF）是一类由金属离子或金属簇与有机配体通过配位键形成的新型多孔材料。它们展现出结构多样、高比表面积、高孔隙率、结构与性质多样化调控等优点。近年来，MOF在吸附、分离、催化和传感等不同领域的应用逐渐受到关注。然而，MOF宏量制备面临着合成条件严苛、反应时间延长、产量低以及成本高等化学工程领域的挑战。因此，研究人员正在探索各种新的合成方法，如水热/溶剂热法、常温快速合成法、溶剂回流法、碱辅助法、机械化学法、电化学法、微波辅助法、超声波辅助法、喷雾干燥法、干凝胶转化法、加速老化法等。以此为主题，综述了宏量制备MOF的方法，并对成本、环境影响、安全性和可行性进行了评价，也简要讨论了MOF成型加工技术的最新进展，展望了未来MOF材料在宏量制备与成型方面的挑战与机遇。

关键词: 金属-有机框架, 化工新材料, 宏量制备, 加工成型, 工业应用, 制备, 安全, 多孔介质