Abstract: Br?nsted-Lewis acidic ionic liquids are a novel type of catalysts which combine the characters of the Br?nsted-Lewis solid acids and the ionic liquids. Three characteristics of the B-L acidic ionic liquids are summarized in this paper based on the advance of synthetic route, characterization methods and applications of them nowadays. First, the B-L acidic ionic liquids make it possible that a step-by-step reaction is completed in one pot, in which B acid and L acid were added separately in different steps. Furthermore, a synergetic effect of B and L acid sites enhances the catalytic performance, which makes the B-L acidic ionic liquids raise the substrate conversion or product selectivity. The last but not the least, the B-L acidic ionic liquids have better performance in mass transfer and diffusion than B-L solid acids. These above features make the B-L acidic ionic liquids become a competitor of traditional acid catalysts, which reveals that the B-L acidic ionic liquids have good development prospects in industrial catalysis field.

Key words: ionic liquid, Br?nsted-Lewis acidic ionic liquid, catalyst

摘要： Br?nsted-Lewis双酸性离子液体同时具备B酸性和L酸性，是融合双酸性固体酸与离子液体的特征发展起来的一类新型催化剂。本文综述了近年来B-L双酸性离子液体的合成、表征及催化剂应用等方面的进展，在此基础上，总结出B-L双酸性离子液体的三个特征。其一，利用一种催化剂就可以催化分别需要B酸和L酸催化的分步反应，使反应一锅化，简洁可控。其二，B酸性和L酸性之间存在相互增强的协同作用，使其具有更好的催化性能，或可提高反应转化率或产物选择性。其三，液体催化剂在传质和扩散等方面均优于双酸性固体酸。上述特征使B-L双酸性离子液体替代并超越传统酸性催化剂成为可能，在工业应用中显示良好的发展前景。

关键词: 离子液体, Br?nsted-Lewis双酸性离子液体, 催化剂