Abstract: The corrosion and friction behavior of four kinds of ceramic grinding balls (zirconia, alumina, agate, silicon nitride) was investigated in a milling-leaching combined process for the acidolysis of Panzhihua ilmenite in sulfuric acid. The order of corrosion rates of the balls were: silicon nitride>alumina>zirconia>agate balls. Corrosion of zirconia mainly conformed to the mechanism of friction, while collision and surface cutting were responsible for corrosion of agate balls. Corrosion of alumina ball was due to abrasive wear, and presence of ilmenite significantly increased weight loss. Silicon nitride balls experienced obvious surface spalling abrasive wear. The weight loss rates of the four ceramic grinding balls were over 80% caused by physical abrasion, and the aluminum and silicon nitride balls suffered an obvious combined effect of corrosion and friction. The weight loss rates of alumina and silicon nitride ball were 1.76 and 14.52 mg·cm^-2·d^-1, respectively, which were much higher than those of zirconia and agate balls. The results provided good reference to chasing the grinding ball materials in the milling-leaching process for acidolysis of ilmenite.

Key words: ilmenite, leaching in dilute acid, ceramic, corrosion, attrition, mechanical activation, alumina

摘要： 在硫酸法钛白研磨-浸出耦合工艺条件下,研究了4种常用陶瓷材料磨球,即氧化锆(ZrO₂)、氧化铝(Al₂O₃)、玛瑙球(SiO₂)和氮化硅(Si₃N₄)的腐蚀和磨损行为及其共同作用规律。结果表明,在磨浸耦合体系中,氮化硅球受腐蚀作用最明显,其次是氧化铝球,而氧化锆球和玛瑙球受腐蚀作用较小。氧化锆球和玛瑙球磨损主要表现为球球碰撞和表面切削;氧化铝球为磨料磨损,矿物的引入会增加磨球的失重速率;氮化硅球由于受到腐蚀和磨料磨损共同作用,导致其表面剥落脱离而产生明显磨损。4种陶瓷磨球因物理磨损造成的磨球失重率均在80%以上,其中氧化铝球和氮化硅球受腐蚀和磨损协同作用明显。氧化铝球和氮化硅球的磨浸失重速率分别为1.76 和14.52 mg·cm^-2·d^-1,远高于氧化锆球和玛瑙磨球。研究结果为研磨-浸出耦合工艺中磨球材料的选择提供了依据。

关键词: 钛铁矿, 稀酸酸解, 陶瓷, 腐蚀, 磨损, 机械活化, 氧化铝