Parameter analysis and optimization of power and heat cogeneration system with biomass fueled SOFC and engine

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201016

Abstract

Abstract:

In response to the need for clean and efficient energy conversion technology, a new hybrid power generation system using biomass as fuel is proposed. The system consists of a biomass gasification device, a solid oxide fuel cell, an engine and a waste heat recovery subsystem. The thermodynamic modeling of the system was established by Aspen Plus. Based on the modeling results, parametric analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of key parameters on the performance of the system. Besides, bi-objective optimization was conducted to maximize the exergy efficiency and simultaneously to minimize the specific electric energy cost via the Epsilon-constraint approach. The results showed that the net electrical efficiency of the system increases from 47.3% to 50.3% with the increase of the steam to biomass ratio and also increases from 45.5% to 48.2% with the increase of fuel utilization factor. The efficiency of power generation tends to decrease with the increase of biomass and air equivalent ratio. It was found, at the Pareto optimum solution, the hybrid power generation system can achieve an optimal exergy efficiency of 53.5% and specific electric energy cost of 0.0576 USD/(kW·h). The specific electrical energy cost is comparable to the energy cost (0.0546 USD/(kW·h)) of the standard power plant and is 19.6% lower than the natural gas-fueled SOFC-Engine system, indicating that the proposed biomass fueled hybrid system is a kind of clean, efficient and economical energy conversion technology.

Key words: solid oxide fuel cell, biomass gasification, parametric analysis, multi-objective optimization

摘要：

针对清洁高效能源转换技术需求，提出了一种以生物质为燃料的新型混合发电系统，该系统由生物质气化装置、固体氧化物燃料电池、发动机和余热回收子系统组成。采用Aspen Plus对系统进行了热力学建模，基于建模结果进行了参数分析，以确定关键参数对系统性能的影响。同时，通过ε-constraint的方法进行了效率最大和比发电成本最小的双目标优化。结果表明：随着蒸汽生物质比S/B的增加，系统发电效率从47.3%增加到50.3%；随着燃料利用率的增加，发电效率从45.5%增加到48.2%；入口生物质量和空气当量比的增加会使发电效率呈现下降趋势。在Pareto最优解的情况下，该混合系统可以同时达到系统效率为53.5%，比发电成本SEEC为0.0576 USD/（kW·h），与标准电厂的能源成本（0.0546 USD/（kW·h））相当，而与以天然气为燃料的SOFC-发动机系统相比则降低了19.6%，说明该新型热电联供系统是一种清洁、高效、经济的能源转换技术。

关键词: 固体氧化物燃料电池, 生物质气化, 参数分析, 多目标优化

CLC Number:

TM 611

ZHU Pengfei, GUO Leilei, YAO Jing, YANG Fusheng, ZHANG Zaoxiao, WU Zhen. Parameter analysis and optimization of power and heat cogeneration system with biomass fueled SOFC and engine[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(2): 1089-1099.

朱鹏飞, 郭磊磊, 尧兢, 杨福胜, 张早校, 吴震. 以生物质为燃料的SOFC和发动机热电联供系统：参数分析和性能优化[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(2): 1089-1099.

Figures/Tables 14

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工业分析/%（质量）		元素分析/%（质量）
水分	9.1	C	35.37
固定碳	16.75	H	4.82
挥发分	63.69	O	39.15
灰分	10.46	N	0.96
低位热值/(MJ/kg)	14.4	S	0.14

工业分析/%（质量）		元素分析/%（质量）
水分	9.1	C	35.37
固定碳	16.75	H	4.82
挥发分	63.69	O	39.15
灰分	10.46	N	0.96
低位热值/(MJ/kg)	14.4	S	0.14

参数	取值	参数	取值
生物质转化率，α_b	0.95	膨胀多变效率，η_POT	0.92
逆变器转换效率, η	0.9	膨胀机械效率，η_MET	0.95
燃烧反应转化率，α_c	1	空气进口温度，T_air	25℃
压缩多变效率, η_POC	0.92	空气进口压力，p_air	1 bar
压缩机械效率，η_MEC	0.95	水进口温度，T_w	25℃
压缩比，γ	4.4	尾气排气温度， T_stack	150℃
燃料电池数量，N	15000	单电池面积， A_c	100 cm²

参数	取值	参数	取值
生物质转化率，α_b	0.95	膨胀多变效率，η_POT	0.92
逆变器转换效率, η	0.9	膨胀机械效率，η_MET	0.95
燃烧反应转化率，α_c	1	空气进口温度，T_air	25℃
压缩多变效率, η_POC	0.92	空气进口压力，p_air	1 bar
压缩机械效率，η_MEC	0.95	水进口温度，T_w	25℃
压缩比，γ	4.4	尾气排气温度， T_stack	150℃
燃料电池数量，N	15000	单电池面积， A_c	100 cm²

决策变量	参数含义	决策变量取值范围
决策变量	参数含义	下限	上限
T_SOFC/℃	燃料电池温度	800	1100
μ	燃料利用率	0.4	0.9
ER	空气当量比	0.045	0.2
S/B	蒸汽生物质比	0.3	1.2
T_s/℃	气化剂水蒸气温度	150	400
γ	发动机压比	4	9