Abstract:

Due to the increasingly serious environmental problems caused by the continuous increase in global carbon emissions, the development of low-carbon technologies is imminent. Adding carbon capture device at the end of fossil fuel power plants can effectively reduce the carbon footprint of coal-fired power plants and achieve emission reduction. However, the high equipment cost, efficiency decrease, and economic penalty will pose huge challenges to the operation of carbon capture device, which hinders the wide deployment of integrated system of power plant and carbon capture device. In order to improve the economic benefit of the integrated system, this work integrates the power plant with a carbon capture device together, and optimizes the system in the manner of flexible scheduling by means of setting flue gas bypass and solvent storage tanks. Furthermore, a staged steam turbine superstructure of stream power cycle is introduced into the model so as to explore the deployment of turbines. The target of this work is to optimize the scheduling patterns under the consideration of electricity price fluctuation. Finally, the reliability and effectiveness of the model are verified through calculation examples, and the main characteristics and laws of the coordinated dispatch of power plants and carbon capture devices are analyzed and summarized.

Key words: CO₂ capture, steam power system, power plant, systems engineering, optimization

摘要：

由于全球碳排放量持续增加所引发的环境问题日益严重，发展低碳技术迫在眉睫。在化石燃料发电厂的尾端加入碳捕集装置能够有效减少燃煤电厂的碳足迹，达成减排指标。然而，碳捕集装置的高设备成本以及运行所附带的效率惩罚和经济惩罚阻碍了其与电厂装置的集成与部署。为了在满足碳减排量的同时有效提高电厂和碳捕集装置的总体效益，建立了一个基于数学规划的系统优化设计与调度方法，将发电厂与一个增加烟气旁路和溶剂储罐的碳捕集装置进行集成，并在电厂蒸汽动力循环部分引入分级透平，旨在考虑电价波动的情况下，充分利用碳捕集装置的操作灵活性与蒸汽透平分级做功的优势，对集成系统进行调度优化。最后，通过算例验证了模型的可靠性与有效性，分析归纳了电厂与碳捕集装置协同调度的主要特性与规律。

关键词: 二氧化碳捕集, 蒸汽动力循环, 电厂, 系统工程, 优化