Abstract:

The processing and transportation of residual oil are restricted by its high viscosity and poor fluidity, so the source of high viscosity of residual oil is the key to explore. Therefore, different residual oils were separated into four components of SARA (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes) and the correlation between viscosity and molecular composition was studied. The results show that from the perspective of component content, the grey correlation order of the influence of residual oil viscosity is asphaltene > saturate > resin > aromatic. The viscosity of saturated fraction is much smaller than the viscosity of residual oil, indicating that saturated fraction is the main diluent of the residual oil system. From the perspective of component molecular level, it is found that the viscosity contribution of saturated components mainly come from the contribution of cycloalkanes, and the more rings there are, the greater the influences on the viscosity of saturated components are. The viscosity contribution of aromatics mainly comes from the distribution of N1O1 and N1 compounds. In addition to the metal elements Ni and Fe, the viscosity of resins is greatly affected by O1 compounds.

Key words: residual oil, oil, separation, SARA, molecular composition, viscosity, grey correlation analysis

摘要：

渣油由于自身的黏度大和流动性差制约其加工和运输，所以渣油高黏度的来源成为探究的关键。本研究把不同渣油分离成SARA（饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质）四个组分并进行黏度和分子组成的关联研究。研究结果表明：从组分含量来看，渣油黏度影响的灰色关联顺序为：沥青质>饱和分>胶质>芳香分。饱和分黏度远小于渣油的黏度，说明饱和分是渣油体系主要的稀释剂。从组分分子层次来看，发现饱和分的黏度贡献主要来源于环烷烃的贡献，环数越多对饱和分黏度影响越大。芳香分的黏度贡献主要来源于N1O1类和N1类化合物的分布。除了金属元素Ni及Fe元素，胶质黏度很大程度受O1类化合物的影响。

关键词: 渣油, 石油, 分离, SARA, 分子组成, 黏度, 灰色关联分析