机载冷源参数对蒸发循环系统性能的影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191274

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了深入研究机载蒸发循环系统的工作特性及为搭建仿真计算模型做准备，基于试验室已有设备和条件，以一台新型微通道换热器作为研究对象，以R134a为工质，通过控制压缩机转速和电子膨胀阀开度一定，分别调节冷源温度和流量，考察冷源温度和流量对压缩机入口过热度、热源出口温度和制冷量的影响，并基于试验数据搭建了针对该蒸发器的仿真计算模型。试验结果表明在试验工况下，冷源防冻液入口温度对系统性能的影响明显，随冷源入口温度升高，压缩机入口过热度逐渐降低、热源出口温度明显升高，但冷源流量对系统性能的影响不显著。基于试验数据，建立了蒸发器仿真计算模型，将该模型应用于蒸发循环系统模型中，对比试验数据和仿真计算数据，可知，该蒸发器仿真计算模型准确可靠，可用于针对该蒸发器的性能仿真计算。

关键词: 机载系统, 蒸发循环制冷, 蒸发, 传热, 微通道, 冷源参数, 仿真

Abstract:

In order to study the characteristics of airborne evaporation cycle system, this paper is based on the existing equipment and conditions of laboratory, the research object is the airborne evaporation cycle system and the working medium is R134a. By controlling the speed of the compressor and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, the temperature and flow rate of the cold source are adjusted respectively. In this way, we can investigate the influence of the temperature and flow rate of the cold source on the compressor inlet refrigerant superheat, outlet temperature of the heat source and refrigerating capacity. The results show that under the test conditions in this paper, the effect of cold source antifreeze inlet temperature on system performance is obvious. As the cold source inlet temperature increases, the compressor superheat decreases gradually and the heat source outlet temperature increases obviously. However, the influence of cold source flow rate on system performance is not significant. Based on experimental data, a simulation model of evaporator is established. Applying the model to the evaporation cycle system model, comparing the experimental data with the simulation data, it can be seen that the simulation model of the evaporator is accurate and reliable, and can be used to simulate the performance of the evaporator.

Key words: airborne system, vapor cycle cooling, evaporation, heat transfer, microchannels, cold source parameters, simulation

中图分类号:

V 245.3

王瑞琪, 高赞军, 杨华, 胡文超, 詹宏波. 机载冷源参数对蒸发循环系统性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(S1): 212-219.

Ruiqi WANG, Zanjun GAO, Hua YANG, Wenchao HU, Hongbo ZHAN. Influence of airborne cold source parameters on evaporative cycle system performance[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(S1): 212-219.

图/表 12

图1 半圆形通道蚀刻板片模型

Fig.1 Semi-circular channel etching plate model

图2 蒸发循环试验系统示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of evaporation cycle test system

图3 蒸发器制冷剂侧换热量与防冻液测换热量的比较

Fig.3 Comparisons of heat transfer rate of refrigerant side of evaporator and heat transfer rate of antifreeze fluid side

图4 压缩机入口过热度随冷源入口温度的变化

Fig.4 Change of compressor inlet refrigerant superheat with inlet temperature of cold source

图6 制冷量随冷源入口温度的变化

Fig.6 Change of refrigerating capacity with inlet temperature of cold source

图7 压缩机入口过热度随冷源流量的变化

Fig.7 Change of compressor inlet refrigerant superheat with flow rate of cold source

图5 热源出口温度随冷源入口温度的变化

Fig.5 Change of heat source outlet temperature with inlet temperature of cold source

图8 热源出口温度随冷源流量的变化

Fig.8 Change of heat source outlet temperature with flow rate of cold source

图9 制冷量随冷源流量的变化

Fig.9 Change of refrigerating capacity with flow rate of cold source

图10 液冷蒸发器三维模型

Fig.10 3D model of liquid-cooled evaporator

图11 蒸发器模型

Fig.11 Evaporator model

表1 仿真结果与比较

Table 1 Simulation results and comparison

序号	参数	工况1			工况2			工况3
序号	参数	试验值	仿真值	相对误差	试验值	仿真值	相对误差	试验值	仿真值	相对误差
1	压缩机耗功/kW	10.9	11.1	1.8%	10.1	10.9	7.9%	10.9	11.2	2.8%
2	制冷剂流量/(kg·h^-1)	747	744	-0.4%	758	780	0.3%	972	1080	11.1%
3	蒸发器防冻液流量/(kg·h^-1)	4320	4539	5.1%	4203	4807	14.4%	4243	4705	10.9%
4	蒸发器供液温度/℃	30.1	34.9	15.9%	45.8	46.0	0.4%	48.2	44.2	-8.3%
5	制冷量/kW	25.4	24.1	-5.1%	25.5	24.3	-4.7%	15.6	16.1	3.2%

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