超声波激励下铝板表面液滴群输运特性的研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221593

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

实验研究了超声波激励下水平铝板表面液滴群的输运特性，探究了超声功率、初始液滴体积和疏水性对液滴群运动过程的影响。结果表明，液滴群运动聚结及蒸发时间均与超声功率呈负相关，而与初始液滴体积及表面接触角呈正相关。随着超声功率的增大，液滴群粒径分布更均匀，最小运动聚结时间为12 s，同时蒸发时间最多可缩短46 s。随着初始液滴体积的增大，液滴群粒径分布均匀性减弱但聚结现象增强。疏水表面不仅能优化液滴群粒径分布，还能增强运动聚结过程。与裸铝表面相比，疏水表面上液滴群运动聚结时间增加17 s左右，蒸发时间可延长62 s。研究证实超声波具有抑制结霜的可行性。

关键词: 超声波, 液滴群, 疏水性, 聚结, 蒸发, 表面

Abstract:

The transportation characteristics of droplets on the horizontal aluminum surface under ultrasonic excitation are experimentally studied. In this study, the effects of ultrasonic power, initial droplet volume, and hydrophobicity on the movement process of droplets are explored. The research results indicate that the motion coalescence time and evaporation time of droplets are negatively correlated with ultrasonic power, but positively correlated with initial droplet volume and surface contact angle. With the increase of ultrasonic power, the particle size distribution uniformity of droplets increases, and the minimum motion coalescence time is 12 s, and the evaporation time can be shortened by 46 s at most. With the increase of the initial droplet volume, the particle size distribution uniformity of droplets weakens but the motion coalescence phenomenon increases. The hydrophobic surface can not only optimize the particle size distribution of droplets, but also enhance the motion coalescence process. Compared with the bare aluminum surface, the motion coalescence time of droplets on hydrophobic surface increases by about 17 s, and the evaporation time of droplets on hydrophobic surface can be extended by 62 s. This study confirms that ultrasound is feasible to inhibit frost formation.

Key words: ultrasound, droplets, hydrophobicity, coalescence, evaporation, surface

中图分类号:

TN 752.6

吴馨, 龚建英, 靳龙, 王宇涛, 黄睿宁. 超声波激励下铝板表面液滴群输运特性的研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 104-112.

Xin WU, Jianying GONG, Long JIN, Yutao WANG, Ruining HUANG. Study on the transportation characteristics of droplets on the aluminium surface under ultrasonic excitation[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 104-112.

图/表 9

图1 超声波实验系统图

Fig.1 Diagram of ultrasonic experiment system

表1 实验参数误差分析

Table 1 Error analysis of experimental parameters

实验参数	仪器	量程	误差
液滴体积/μl	微量移液器	5~50	±0.1
空气温度/℃	温湿度传感器	-40~70	±1
空气相对湿度/%	温湿度传感器	20~90	±1
接触角/(°)	接触角测量仪	0~180	±0.1
超声波功率/ W	超声波发生器	0~60	±0.6

图2 功率为40 W的超声波作用下液滴群的演化过程

Fig.2 The evolution process of droplets under the action of ultrasonic wave with the power of 40 W

图3 功率为60 W的超声波作用下液滴群的演化过程

Fig.3 The evolution process of droplets under the action of ultrasonic wave with the power of 60 W

图4 功率为40 W的超声波作用下5 μl初始液滴生成的液滴群演变过程

Fig.4 The evolution process of droplets generated from the initial droplet with a volume of 5 μl under the action of ultrasonic wave with the power of 40 W

图5 功率为40 W的超声波作用下25 μl初始液滴生成的液滴群演变过程

Fig. 5 The evolution process of droplets generated from the initial droplet with a volume of 25 μl under the action of ultrasonic wave with the power of 40 W

图6 超声功率及初始液滴体积对液滴群各阶段的影响

Fig.6 Effect of ultrasonic power and initial droplet volume on each stage of droplets

图7 功率为40 W的超声波作用下疏水表面20 μl初始液滴生成的液滴群演化过程

Fig.7 The evolution process of droplets on the hydrophobic surface generated from the initial droplet with a volume of 20 μl under the action of ultrasonic wave with the power of 40 W

图8 不同超声功率下裸铝表面与疏水表面上液滴群各阶段时间的比较

Fig.8 Comparison of the time of each stage of droplets on bare aluminum surface and hydrophobic surface under different ultrasonic power

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