全氟三乙胺和全氟己酮混合气体的灭火效果研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191526

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全氟己酮是一种新型的哈龙替代灭火介质，但是研究人员发现全氟己酮在低浓度时具有助燃效果，未通过美国联邦航空局气溶胶爆炸实验(FAA-ACT)。为抑制全氟己酮的助燃效果，采用混合气体的方法，引入全氟三乙胺作为全氟己酮的协同灭火介质。首先利用杯式燃烧器研究不同浓度全氟己酮作用下的火焰高度、火焰宽度，并获取其临界灭火浓度；以火焰高度和火焰宽度作为助燃现象的判据，实验结果表明全氟己酮浓度为3.00%（占氧化剂体积分数，下同）左右时助燃现象最为显著，临界灭火浓度为5.80%。为研究全氟三乙胺抑制全氟己酮助燃现象的效果，在保持全氟己酮浓度3.00%不变的条件下，逐渐增加全氟三乙胺的浓度，获取火焰高度、火焰脉动频率和混合气体的临界灭火浓度变化趋势；结果表明全氟三乙胺对全氟己酮的助燃现象有抑制作用，且预测全氟三乙胺单独作用下的临界灭火浓度约为4.86%。全氟己酮和全氟三乙胺的混合灭火气体中，全氟三乙胺占灭火剂体积分数超过10.00%后，全氟己酮和全氟三乙胺具有较好的协同灭火效果。

关键词: 安全, 全氟己酮, 全氟三乙胺, 哈龙替代物, 临界灭火浓度

Abstract:

C₆F₁₂O is one of halon alternatives for fire extinguishing. However, researchers found that C₆F₁₂O has a combustion enhancement phenomenon at its low concentrations. The defect may bring some harms in the process of firefighting, and may limit its application in some scenario. To suppress the combustion enhancement effect of C₆F₁₂O, this article adopts the method of mixed gas and introduces perfluorotriethylamine (C₂F₅)₃N as a cooperative fire extinguishing agent with C₆F₁₂O. Firstly, the cupburner experiment was used to obtain the flame height and flame width at different concentrations of C₆F₁₂O, and the minimum extinguishing concentration (MEC) of C₆F₁₂O was obtained as well. The flame height and flame width were used as the criterion for the combustion enhancement phenomenon. The results show that the most obvious enhancement is observed at the concentration of around 3.00% (volume fraction, the same below); and the MEC of C₆F₁₂O is about 5.80%. Secondly, the experiment on the effect of (C₂F₅)₃N in suppressing the combustion enhancement was conducted. In this test, the volume fraction of C₆F₁₂O was maintained at 3.00%; then (C₂F₅)₃N was added and gradually increased. The MEC of the mixture, the flame height and the flame pulsation frequency were obtained. The results show that (C₂F₅)₃N has the ability to inhibit the combustion enhancement, that the MEC of (C₂F₅)₃N is about 4.86%.In the mixed fire extinguishing gas of perfluorohexanone and perfluorotriethylamine, after the volume fraction of perfluorotriethylamine exceeds 10.00%, perfluorohexanone and perfluorotriethylamine have a better synergistic fire extinguishing effect.

Key words: safety, perfluorohexanone, perfluorotriethylamine, halon alternative, MEC

梁天水,刘德智,王永锦,钟委,赵军. 全氟三乙胺和全氟己酮混合气体的灭火效果研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(7): 3387-3392.

Tianshui LIANG,Dezhi LIU,Yongjin WANG,Wei ZHONG,Jun ZHAO. Study on fire extinguishing efficiency of the mixtures of C₆F₁₂O and (C₂F₅)₃N[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(7): 3387-3392.

图/表 5

图1 实验装置示意图

Fig.1 Diagrammatic sketch of experiment apparatus

图2 不同浓度全氟己酮火焰高度、火焰宽度

Fig.2 Flame height and flame width at different volume fractions of perfluorohexanone

图3 全氟三乙胺作用下的火焰高度、火焰宽度（全氟己酮浓度为3.00%）

Fig.3 Flame height and flame width under the action of perfluorotriethylamine(volume fraction of perfluorohexanone is 3.00%)

图4 全氟己酮与全氟三乙胺混合气体临界灭火浓度

Fig.4 Minimum extinguishing concentration of perfluorohexanone and perfluorotriethylamine mixed gas

图5 全氟己酮与全氟三乙胺作用下的火焰频率

Fig.5 Flame frequency under the action of perfluorohexanone and perfluorotriethylamine

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