化工学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (10): 4520-4531.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20200214

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

合成生物学在生物基塑料制造中的应用

徐彦芹1(),杨锡智1,罗若诗1,黄玉红2,霍锋2,王丹1()   

  1. 1.重庆大学化学化工学院,化工过程强化与反应国家地方联合工程实验室,重庆 400044
    2.中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-02 修回日期:2020-04-25 出版日期:2020-10-05 发布日期:2020-10-05
  • 通讯作者: 王丹
  • 作者简介:徐彦芹(1984—),女,博士研究生,高级工程师,xuyanqin666@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(21978027);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(106112017CDJXFLX0014)

Application of synthetic biology in manufacture of bio-based plastics

Yanqin XU1(),Xizhi YANG1,Ruoshi LUO1,Yuhong HUANG2,Feng HUO2,Dan WANG1()   

  1. 1.National-Municipal Joint Engineering Laboratory for Chemical Process Intensification and Reaction, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    2.Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2020-03-02 Revised:2020-04-25 Online:2020-10-05 Published:2020-10-05
  • Contact: Dan WANG

摘要:

合成生物学是以工程学思想为指导,对天然生物基因组进行改造和重构,合成新的生物元件,构建新的代谢途径,生产新产品或获得新表型的新兴学科。生物基塑料是以天然物质为原料在微生物作用或化学反应下生成的塑料。利用合成生物学改造工程菌株的方法制备合成生物基塑料已经成为学术界和产业界关注的热点。本文综述了合成生物学的发展和重要的合成生物学技术,重点综述了利用合成生物学技术构建聚羟基烷酸酯、尼龙、聚乳酸和丁二酸丁二醇酯等生物基塑料聚合物单体及其衍生物的代谢途径和工程优化领域的研究进展。

关键词: 合成生物学, 生物基塑料, 代谢工程, 尼龙, 工程菌株

Abstract:

Synthetic biology is a new discipline that uses engineering ideas as a guide to transform and reconstruct natural biological genomes, synthesize new biological components, construct new metabolic routes, and produce novel products or obtain new phenotypes. Bio-based plastics are plastics produced under the action of microorganisms or the chemical reactions using natural materials as raw materials. The usage of synthetic biology to construct engineered strains to produce bio-based plastics has become a hot topic in academia and industry. This paper reviews the development of synthetic biology and important techniques in the field of synthetic biology, focusing on the research progress in the field of metabolic pathways and engineering optimization for the construction of bio-based plastic polymer monomers and derivatives such as polyhydroxyalkanoate, nylon, polylactic acid, and butylene glycol succinate using synthetic biological techniques.

Key words: synthetic biology, bio-based plastics, metabolic engineering, nylon, engineering strains

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