TBCFB合成气制甲醇工艺过程的概念设计和计算机模拟

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20210272

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以三塔式循环流化床（TBCFB）为基础的低阶煤清洁转化多联产系统有望提升低价煤的能源和资源利用效率。利用流程模拟软件Aspen Plus 对该多联产系统甲醇合成路线进行模拟和模型验证。应用自热再生理论完成了对TBCFB甲醇生产中低温甲醇洗单元和甲醇精馏单元模拟设计，并对基于自热再生的新工艺进行换热网络（HEN）设计。从能量利用效率的角度，对新工艺进行评价。结果表明，自热再生工艺与常规工艺相比：低温甲醇洗单元冷公用工程节约了29.4%，总能耗节约了25.8%；甲醇精馏单元冷公用工程节约了69.5%，总能耗节约了32.3%。

关键词: 三塔式循环流化床, 自热再生, 煤制甲醇, 系统工程, 计算机模拟, 设计

Abstract:

The low-rank coal clean conversion polygeneration system based on the three-tower circulating fluidized bed (TBCFB) is expected to improve the energy and resource utilization efficiency of low-cost coal. The process simulation software Aspen Plus was used to simulate and verify the methanol synthesis route of the polygeneration system. To improve the energy efficiency, the self-heat recuperation theory was applied to the unit of rectisol and methanol distillation. And then, the heat exchange network (HEN) was designed based on this self-heat recuperation process. The results demonstrated that the self-heat recuperation process was beneficial to the enhancement of energy utilization. Compared to the conventional process, the self-heating regeneration process saves 29.4% in the cold utility of the low-temperature methanol washing unit and 25.8% in the total energy consumption; the cold utility in the methanol distillation unit saves 69.5% and the total energy consumption 32.3%.

Key words: TBCFB, self-heat recuperation, coal to methanol, systems engineering, computer simulation, design

中图分类号:

TQ 015.2

刘叶刚, 张忠林, 侯起旺, 杨景轩, 陈东良, 郝晓刚. TBCFB合成气制甲醇工艺过程的概念设计和计算机模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(9): 4838-4846.

Yegang LIU, Zhonglin ZHANG, Qiwang HOU, Jingxuan YANG, Dongliang CHEN, Xiaogang HAO. Process design and simulation of synthesis gas to methanol in TBCFB system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(9): 4838-4846.

图/表 11

图1 低阶煤清洁转化多联产系统集成设计

Fig.1 Integration design for the low-rank coal clean conversion polygeneration system

图2 水蒸气/半焦(St/C)对合成气CO/H2的影响

Fig.2 Effect of St/C on CO/H2 in syngas

图3 TBCFB合成气制甲醇工艺流程示意图

Fig.3 Flow chart of synthesis gas to methanol in TBCFB system

表1 物性方法选择

Table 1 Selection of property methods

单元	物流类型	物性方法
低温甲醇洗	非理想、极性	PSRK^[12]
甲醇合成	常规	PENG-ROB^[12]
甲醇精馏	常规	NRTL^[30]

表2 TBCFB合成气摩尔组成

Table 2 Mole fraction of syngas in TBCFB system

CO	H₂	CO₂	CH₄	H₂O	H₂S
0.2733	0.6183	0.1040	0.0011	0.0015	0.0018

表3 模拟结果与工业数据对比

Table 3 Simulation results compared to industrial data

组分	模拟结果/%	工业数据/%	误差/%
净化气
CO	29.34	29.54	0.68
H₂	67.46	66.81	0.97
CO₂	2.99	3.00	0.03
H₂S	<0.1×10^-6	<0.1×10^-6	—
CH₄	0.19	0.03	—
CH₃OH	0.006	0.01	—
粗甲醇
CH₃OH	94.115	94.17	0.056
CH₃OCH₃	0.1708	0.017	0.47
C₂H₅OH	0.0748	0.08	6.5
C₄H₁₀O	0.2703	0.27	0.11
H₂O	5.3691	5.31	1.11
精甲醇
CH₃OH	99.95	>99.9
CH₃OCH₃	trace	—
C₂H₅OH	0.05	—
C₄H₁₀O	trace	—
H₂O	trace	—

图4 常规过程各单元冷热复合曲线

Fig.4 Composite curves of conventional process

图5 自热再生过程的各单元冷热复合曲线

Fig.5 Composite curves of self-heat recuperation process

图6 自热再生过程的换热网络设计

Fig.6 HEN design of self-heat recuperation process

图7 基于自热再生的工艺模拟流程

Fig.7 Simulation flow diagram of self-heat recuperation process

表4 常规过程与自热再生过程能量结果对比

Table 4 Comparison of results of the conventional process and SHR process

项目	常规过程/kW	SHR过程/kW	节约率/%
低温甲醇洗
Cooling	2126	1500	29.4
Heating	1466	736	49.8
W_COMP	—	117	—
Q_Cons	1466	1087	25.8
甲醇精馏
Cooling	14745	3763	69.5
Heating	15411	0	100
W_COMP	—	3480	—
Q_Cons	15411	10440	32.3

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