双极膜电渗析法麦草畏生产废水的资源化利用研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20211051

化工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (12): 6328-6339.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20211051

双极膜电渗析法麦草畏生产废水的资源化利用研究

唐元晖^1,²(),孙文文^1,²,李太雨²,毛鹏¹,金义凡¹,汪林²,林亚凯²(),王晓琳²()

^1.中国矿业大学（北京）化学与环境工程学院，北京 100083
^2.清华大学化学工程系膜材料与工程北京市重点实验室，北京 100084

收稿日期:2021-07-27 修回日期:2021-09-26 出版日期:2021-12-05 发布日期:2021-12-22
通讯作者: 林亚凯,王晓琳
作者简介:唐元晖（1986—），女，博士，副教授，tyh@cumtb.edu.cn
基金资助:
中国矿业大学（北京）中央高校基本科研业务费(2020YQHH05);化学工程国家重点实验室开放课题(SKL-ChE-19A02);清华大学与中国石化股份有限公司北京燕山分公司横向合作课题(20212000432);清华大学春风基金(2020Z99CFY041)

Reuse of wastewater from dicamba production by bipolar membrane electrodialysis

Yuanhui TANG^1,²(),Wenwen SUN^1,²,Taiyu LI²,Peng MAO¹,Yifan JIN¹,Lin WANG²,Yakai LIN²(),Xiaolin WANG²()

^1.College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
^2.Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2021-07-27 Revised:2021-09-26 Online:2021-12-05 Published:2021-12-22
Contact: Yakai LIN,Xiaolin WANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用双极膜电渗析（bipolar membrane electrodialysis，BMED）将麦草畏生产废水中的NaCl转化为HCl和NaOH回用于农药生产，实现农药废水的资源化利用。首先进行了BMED法处理单组分NaCl溶液体系的110 min间歇运行实验来探索最优操作条件，结果表明，当NaCl初始浓度为160 g/L，电流密度为70 mA/cm²，初始酸碱室浓度为0.075 mol/L时，产物HCl、NaOH的浓度能分别达到1.98 mol/L和 2.06 mol/L，且此时的电流效率较高，达到42.74%。然后考虑实际废水的COD指标主要是甲醇造成的，所以用含不同浓度甲醇的NaCl溶液模拟实际农药废水，实验结束后在酸、碱隔室中检测到少量的甲醇，表明其在BMED运行过程中存在一定程度的渗透，但未对膜堆性能造成明显影响。最后用BMED处理经过预处理后含有机物的麦草畏生产废水，发现在操作时间内膜堆性能与处理高浓度单组分NaCl溶液情况类似，证实BMED法处理麦草畏生产废水并实现资源化利用的可行性。

关键词: 双极膜电渗析, 麦草畏, 废水, 资源化, 甲醇

Abstract:

Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) is used to convert NaCl in dicamba production wastewater into HCl and NaOH and reuse it in pesticide production to realize the resource utilization of pesticide wastewater. Firstly, batch experiments of BMED that last for 110 minutes were conducted to explore the best-operating conditions for treating sodium chloride solution. The results showed that when the initial concentration of the feed solution was 160 g/L, the current density was 70 mA/cm² and the initial concentration of acid and base compartment was 0.075 mol/L, the concentration of the resultant HCl and NaOH solution could reach 1.98 mol/L and 2.06 mol/L, respectively. Meanwhile, the current efficiency was as high as 42.74%. Then, considering the COD index of the actual wastewater is because of methanol, sodium chloride solution with different concentrations of methanol was used to simulate the actual wastewater from the dicamba production. After the experiments, a small amount of methanol was detected in the acid and alkali compartments, indicating that there was a certain degree of permeation during the operation of the BMED, but it did not significantly affect the performance of the membrane stack. Based on the results, BMED was adopted to treat the actual wastewater obtained from the dicamba production after some pretreatment, and it was found that the performance of the membrane resembled the situation of treating NaCl solution with high concentration during the operation time. It was proved that the BMED is feasible to realize the reuse of dicamba production wastewater.

Key words: bipolar membrane electrodialysis, dicamba, wastewater, reuse, methanol

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

唐元晖, 孙文文, 李太雨, 毛鹏, 金义凡, 汪林, 林亚凯, 王晓琳. 双极膜电渗析法麦草畏生产废水的资源化利用研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(12): 6328-6339.

Yuanhui TANG, Wenwen SUN, Taiyu LI, Peng MAO, Yifan JIN, Lin WANG, Yakai LIN, Xiaolin WANG. Reuse of wastewater from dicamba production by bipolar membrane electrodialysis[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(12): 6328-6339.

图/表 11

图1 麦草畏的分子结构图

Fig.1 A molecular structure diagram of dicamba

图2 麦草畏生产工艺流程框图

Fig.2 Diagram of the process flow of dicamba production

表1 预处理后的麦草畏生产废水的水质指标

Table 1 Characteristics of the dicamba production wastewater after pretreatment

指标	数值
pH	6.6
COD/(mg/L)	3000~5000
TOC/(mg/L)	554.24
Ca²⁺/(mg/L)	2.08
Mg²⁺/(mg/L)	0.42
Na⁺/(g/L)	160~200
Al³⁺/(mg/L)	0.92

图3 BMED实物图（a）和BMED膜堆构型（b）

Fig.3 BMED physical diagram (a) and schematic configuration of the BMED membrane stack (b)

图4 BMED实验流程图

Fig.4 Flow chart of BMED experimental

表2 实验中采用的不同原料液的组成和运行参数

Table 2 Concentrations of the feed solution and corresponding operation parameters

原料液编号	原料液组成		运行参数
原料液编号	NaCl/ （g/L）	甲醇/ （mg/L）	电流密度/ （mA/cm²）	初始酸碱室浓度/ （mol/L）
1	160	—	50	0.050
2	160	—	60	0.050
3	160	—	70	0.050
4	160	—	80	0.050
5	160	—	70	0.025
6	160	—	70	0.050
7	160	—	70	0.075
8	160	—	70	0.10
9	160	10	70	0.075
10	160	100	70	0.075
11	160	1000	70	0.075
12	160	10000	70	0.075
13	180	—	70	0.075
14	200	—	70	0.075
15	实际废水		70	0.075

图5 不同电流密度对BMED运行过程的影响

Fig.5 Influence of different current densities on the operation of BMED

图6 不同初始酸碱室浓度对BMED运行过程的影响

Fig.6 Influence of the initial concentration of acid and-base compartment on the operation of BMED

图7 不同浓度甲醇对BMED运行过程的影响

Fig.7 Influence of the methanol concentrations on the operation of BMED

图8 BMED处理甲醇前后运行过程的变化

Fig.8 Performance change of the operation of BMED before or after treating methanol

图9 不同原料液浓度对BMED运行过程的影响

Fig.9 Influence of the feed concentration on the operation process of BMED

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双极膜电渗析法麦草畏生产废水的资源化利用研究

Reuse of wastewater from dicamba production by bipolar membrane electrodialysis

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