高压静电场强化多孔介质表面沸腾传热特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230419

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用电镀法通过调节电镀电流密度和时长制备出不同孔隙的多孔微结构表面，利用网状电极和介电流体工质AE-3000对高压静电场作用下多孔微结构表面池沸腾换热性能开展研究。通过显微可视化测量手段与沸腾传热特性实验，对比分析了高压静电场下不同多孔微结构表面沸腾换热的强化效果。实验结果表明，高压静电场在低热流区对小孔隙结构表面沸腾换热强化效果最佳，电场作用下沸腾传热系数强化因子随多孔微结构换热表面孔隙尺寸增大而减小。与无电场相比，低热流区施加场强为1600 kV/m电场后多孔微结构表面气泡脱离频率最大提升5.11倍，气泡脱离直径下降53.57%。有源电场的引入能够有效解决小孔隙结构表面沸腾气泡脱离困难、逸出阻力大等问题，提高气泡脱离效率，强化沸腾传热性能。

关键词: 电场, 池沸腾, 强化传热, 多孔微结构, 气泡脱离

Abstract:

The porous micro-structured surfaces with different pore sizes were developed by adjusting electroplating current density and duration time. Pool boiling heat transfer performance of porous micro-structured surfaces under electric field was investigated by using mesh electrodes and dielectric fluid AE-3000. Through microscopic visualization measurement and boiling heat transfer characteristics experiments, boiling heat transfer enhancement of different porous micro-structured surfaces by electric field was analyzed. The experimental results indicated maximum heat transfer enhancement was achieved in the low heat flux region on the surface with small pore structures by high-voltage electric field. It was found when electric field intensity of 1600 kV/m was applied to the porous micro-structured surfaces in the low heat flux region, bubble detachment frequency could be increased by 5.11 times, and bubble detachment diameter could be decreased by 53.57%, as compared to those without electric field. The introduction of an active electric field can effectively solve the problems of difficulty in detachment of boiling bubbles on the surface of a small pore structure and high resistance to escape, improve the efficiency of detachment of bubbles, and enhance the performance of boiling heat transfer.

Key words: electric field, pool boiling, heat transfer enhancement, porous micro-structures, bubble detachment

中图分类号:

TK 124

王海, 林宏, 王晨, 许浩洁, 左磊, 王军锋. 高压静电场强化多孔介质表面沸腾传热特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2869-2879.

Hai WANG, Hong LIN, Chen WANG, Haojie XU, Lei ZUO, Junfeng WANG. Investigation of enhanced boiling heat transfer on porous structural surfaces by high voltage electric field[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 2869-2879.

图/表 14

图1 电镀实验装置图

Fig.1 Electroplating experimental apparatus

表1 不同试样表面的电镀参数

Table 1 Electroplating parameters of different sample surfaces

试样表面	步骤一		步骤二
试样表面	电流密度/ (A/cm²)	电镀时长/s	电流密度/ (A/cm²)	电镀时长/s
ED-1.0-0.05	1.0	20	0.05	4500
ED-1.8-0.05	1.8	20	0.05	4500
ED-2.2-0.05	2.2	20	0.05	4500

图2 电场强化池沸腾实验装置

Fig.2 Enhanced pool boiling experimental setup by electric ﬁeld

表2 沸腾工质在标准大气压下的物理性质

Table 2 Properties of the working liquid at standard atmosphere pressure

参数	数值
化学式	CF₃CH₂OCF₂CHF₂
沸点/℃	56
表面张力(25℃)/(mN/m)	16.4
热导率(25℃)/(mW/(m·K))	89
汽化潜热(25℃)/(kJ/kg)	163
液体介电常数(25℃)	6.6
电阻率/(Ω·m)	1.3×10⁹
电导率(25℃)/(μS/m)	7.7×10^-4
介质击穿电压(25℃)/kV	39.5

图3 实验结果与Rohsenow关联式对比

Fig.3 Comparison of experimental results with Rohsenow correlation formula

图4 多孔微结构表面扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图

Fig.4 SEM images of porous micro-structured surfaces

图5 电场作用下不同多孔微结构表面沸腾热通量与壁面过热度的关系

Fig.5 Relation between heat flux and wall superheat of different porous micro-structured surfaces under electric field

图6 多孔微结构表面在不同电场强度作用下热通量与强化因子的关系

Fig.6 Relation between heat flux and enhancement factor of porous micro-structured surfaces under different electric field

图7 相同热通量与场强下ED-1.0-0.05与ED-2.2-0.05多孔表面沸腾气泡生成状态

Fig.7 Bubble formation on ED-1.0-0.05 and ED-2.2-0.05 porous surfaces under the same heat flux and field intensity

图8 不同多孔微结构换热表面在电场强度1600 kV/m下传热系数随热通量的变化

Fig.8 Heat transfer coefficients of different porous micro-structured surfaces varies with heat flux under electric field intensity of 1600 kV/m

图9 电场作用下多孔微结构表面临界热通量对比

Fig.9 Comparison of critical heat flux on various porous micro-structured surfaces under electric field

图10 ED-1.0-0.05多孔微结构表面不同热通量与电场强度下沸腾气泡生成图像

Fig.10 Bubble formation on ED-1.0-0.05 porous micro-structured surface with different heat flux and electric field intensity

图11 热通量为2.88W/cm2不同多孔微结构表面气泡脱离频率与电场强度关系

Fig.11 Relation between bubble departure frequency and electric field intensity on different porous micro-structured surfaces with the heat flux of 2.88W/cm2

图12 热通量为2.88 W/cm2不同多孔微结构表面气泡平均脱离直径与电场强度关系

Fig.12 Relation between average bubble departure diameter and electric field intensity on different porous micro-structured surfaces with the heat flux of 2.88 W/cm2

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