梯形微槽道表面池沸腾换热性能研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201677

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

池沸腾换热表面的结构对其沸腾换热性能具有重要影响。为了进一步强化在较低表面过热度时池沸腾换热的性能，提出了新型梯形微槽道池沸腾换热表面，采用可视化实验方法研究了饱和温度下去离子水在该表面的池沸腾换热性能。结果表明：与光滑平面相比，梯形微槽道表面可以降低起始沸腾表面过热度；在相同表面过热度时，随着下底长度的增大、下底角角度的减小，梯形微槽道表面的热通量增加，换热能力增强。下底长度为1.2 mm、下底角度为45°的梯形微槽道表面具有最低的起始沸腾表面过热度（1.4 K）；在表面过热度为8.3 K时，其热通量能达到1.2×10⁶ W·m^-2，为相同表面过热度时光滑表面的24.0倍。较大的下底长度和较小的下底角角度有利于增强梯形微槽道表面的池沸腾换热性能。

关键词: 微通道, 传热, 相变, 池沸腾, 气泡脱离, 可视化

Abstract:

The structure of pool boiling heat transfer surface has an important influence on its boiling heat transfer performance. In order to further enhance the pool boiling heat transfer performance at lower surface superheat, a new type of pool boiling heat transfer trapezoidal microchannel surface was proposed, and the pool boiling heat transfer performance of deionized water on the surface at saturated temperature was studied by the visualization experiment method. The results show that the trapezoidal microchannel surface can reduce the superheat of initial boiling surface compared with smooth surface. At the same surface superheat, with the increase of the bottom length and the decrease of the bottom angle, the heat flux and heat transfer capacity of the trapezoidal microchannel surface increase. The trapezoidal microgroove with a bottom length of 1.2 mm and a bottom angle of 45° has the lowest initial boiling surface superheat (1.4 K). When the surface superheat is 8.3 K, the heat flux can reach 1.2×10⁶ W·m^-2, which is 24.0 times as much as that of the smooth surface at the same surface superheat. The larger bottom length and the smaller bottom angle are beneficial to enhance the pool boiling heat transfer performance of the trapezoidal microchannel surface.

Key words: microchannel, heat transfer, phase change, pool boiling, bubble detachment, visualization

中图分类号:

TK 124

曹海亮, 张红飞, 左潜龙, 安琪, 张子阳, 刘红贝. 梯形微槽道表面池沸腾换热性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(8): 4111-4120.

Hailiang CAO, Hongfei ZHANG, Qianlong ZUO, Qi AN, Ziyang ZHANG, Hongbei LIU. Study on pool boiling heat transfer performance of trapezoidal microchannel surface[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(8): 4111-4120.

图/表 17

图1 梯形微槽道表面的结构

Fig.1 Structure of trapezoidal microchannel surface

表1 微槽道表面的结构尺寸

Table 1 Structural dimensions of microchannel surfaces

序号	开口宽度W/mm	槽道深度H/mm	肋底宽度E/mm	下底长度D/mm	下底角角度φ/(°)	槽道数目/条
D1.2-45-6	0.4	1.0	1.0	1.2	45	6
D1.2-55-6	0.4	1.0	1.0	1.2	55	6
D1.2-65-6	0.4	1.0	1.0	1.2	65	6
D1.0-45-7	0.4	1.0	1.0	1.0	45	7
D1.0-55-7	0.4	1.0	1.0	1.0	55	7
D1.0-65-7	0.4	1.0	1.0	1.0	65	7
D0.8-45-7	0.4	1.0	1.0	0.8	45	7
D0.8-55-7	0.4	1.0	1.0	0.8	55	7
D0.8-65-7	0.4	1.0	1.0	0.8	65	7

图2 实验系统示意图1—蛇形冷凝管; 2—沸腾室;3—温度控制器;4—光源;5—上盖板; 6—保温外筒;7—功率控制器;8—保温材料;9 —聚四氟乙烯底板;10—主加热器;11—紫铜柱;12—安捷伦34970A数据采集仪;13—计算机;14— Phantom高速摄像机

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of experimental system

图3 光滑平面的热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.3 Heat flux varies with the surface superheat on the smooth surface

图4 沸腾表面的热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.4 Heat flux varies with the surface superheat on the boiling surface

图5 热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.5 Heat flux curve with surface superheat

图6 D=1.2 mm表面的热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.6 Heat flux varies with the surface superheat on the surface of D=1.2 mm

图7 D1.2-65-6表面上气泡的脱离直径与脱离频率随着热通量变化曲线

Fig.7 Bubble detachment diameter and detachment frequency vary with heat flux on the surface of D1.2-65-6

图8 D1.2-65-6表面上的气泡生成状态

Fig.8 Bubble formation state on the surface of D1.2-65-6

图9 D=1.0 mm表面的热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.9 Heat flux varies with the surface superheat on the surface of D=1.0 mm

图10 D=0.8 mm表面的热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.10 Heat flux varies with the surface superheat on the surface of D=0.8 mm

图11 不同热通量下D1.0-45-7表面气泡生成状态

Fig.11 State of bubble formation on D1.0-45-7 surface under different heat flux

图12 φ=65°表面的热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.12 Heat flux varies with the surface superheat on the surface of φ=65°

图13 φ=55°表面的热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.13 Heat flux varies with the surface superheat on the surface of φ=55°

图14 φ=45°表面的热通量随表面过热度变化曲线

Fig.14 Heat flux varies with the surface superheat on the surface of φ=45°

图15 D1.0-45-7表面与D0.8-45-7表面气泡生成状态

Fig.15 Bubble formation states on surface of D1.0-45-7 and D0.8-45-7

图16 沸腾表面的表面传热系数随热通量变化曲线

Fig.16 Heat transfer coefficient varies with the heat flux on the boiling surface

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