浸没燃烧处理高盐高化学需氧量废水过程与能耗分析

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20231152

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

浸没燃烧技术在处理高盐高化学需氧量(COD)废水方面具有传热效率高、不易结晶结垢、处理范围广等优势。针对此技术，首先自主设计搭建了实验平台，研究了常规浸没燃烧过程中的气液两相流动换热特性，分析了浸没燃烧关键操作参数对不同浓度高盐高COD废水的处理能力。在此基础上，为了进一步提高能效，对比了不同浸没管结构下的蒸发性能。实验结果表明：增大燃气流量与浸没深度有利于提高温升速率，缩短蒸发时间；随着有机溶液流量和有机溶液初始COD值的增大，COD去除率有所降低，其中有机溶液流量对COD的去除效率作用更加明显；采用平板多孔板与锥形多孔板浸没管结构能改善高温烟气分布情况，提高蒸发效率与热效率，但不利于浸没管背压稳定，导致液面波动程度增大；与传统单效蒸发结晶能耗对比，浸没燃烧装置运行能耗下降，总运行费用降低28.3%，经济性能得到提升。

关键词: 浸没燃烧, 废水, 两相流, 传热, 能效

Abstract:

Submerged combustion technology has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, resistance to crystallization and scaling, and wide treatment range in treating high salt and high chemical oxygen demand (COD) wastewater. An experimental platform used this technology was designed and constructed independently to study the heat transfer characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the conventional submerged combustion process, and to analyze the ability of key operating parameters of submerged combustion in treating high salt and high COD wastewater with different concentrations. On this basis, in order to further improve the energy efficiency, the evaporation performance under different submerged tube structures was compared. The experimental results show that increasing gas flow rate and submergence depth is conducive to improving the temperature rise rate and shortening the evaporation time. The COD removal rate decreases with the increase of organic solution flow rate and initial COD value of organic solution, in which the organic solution flow rate has a more obvious effect on the COD removal efficiency. The use of flat plate porous plate and conical porous plate submerged tube structure can improve the distribution of high-temperature flue gas and improve evaporation efficiency and thermal efficiency, but it is not conducive to the stability of the back pressure of the submerged tube, resulting in increased liquid level fluctuations. Compared with the traditional single-effect evaporation and crystallization energy consumption, submerged combustion device operating energy consumption decreases, the total operating costs reduce by 28.3%, the economic performance has been improved.

Key words: submerged combustion, wastewater, two-phase flow, heat transfer, energy efficiency

中图分类号:

TK-9

邓志诚, 许世峰, 王淇冬, 王家瑞, 王斯民. 浸没燃烧处理高盐高化学需氧量废水过程与能耗分析[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(3): 1000-1008.

Zhicheng DENG, Shifeng XU, Qidong WANG, Jiarui WANG, Simin WANG. Process and energy consumption analysis of high salt and high COD wastewater treatment by submerged combustion[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(3): 1000-1008.

图/表 10

图1 实验装置设计示意图

Fig.1 Schematic of evaporation system

图2 不同工况下液体温度变化

Fig.2 Liquid temperature changes under different working conditions

图3 变工况下传热系数与蒸发速率曲线

Fig.3 Heat transfer coefficients and evaporation rates under different conditions

图4 燃气流量70 L/min下高盐废水温度与质量分数变化曲线

Fig.4 Brine temperature and mass fraction changes under gas flow rate of 70 L/min

图5 不同初始状态下COD去除情况

Fig.5 COD removal under different initial conditions

图6 不同浸没管出口结构下温度变化

Fig.6 Liquid temperature changes under different immersion tube outlet structures

图7 不同蒸发器结构下相对压力波动

Fig.7 Relative pressure fluctuation under different immersion tube outlet structures

图8 不同实验条件下热效率

Fig.8 Thermal efficiency under different experimental conditions

图9 不同结构下平均蒸发速率

Fig.9 The average evaporation rates under different structures

表1 不同蒸发结晶方式运行费用对比

Table 1 Operational cost comparison of different evaporation crystallization methods

项目	浸没式燃烧	单效蒸发结晶	多（三）效蒸发结晶
蒸发量/(t/h)		0.66
有效热量/(kcal)		418686.40
能源消耗
天然气/(m³/h)	51.81	—	—
蒸汽/(t/h)	—	0.86	0.26
循环水/(t/h)	—	60.00	60.00
电/(kW/h)	4.00	12.00	15.00
运行费用
天然气费用/(CNY/h)	157.50	—	—
蒸汽费用/(CNY/h)	—	206.4	61.92
循环水费用/(CNY/h)	—	9.00	9.00
电费/(CNY/h)	2.68	8.04	10.05
总运行费用/(CNY/h)	160.18	223.44	80.97

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