功能性填料在超重力旋转填料床中的应用和研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20231272

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

填料作为旋转填料床的核心部件，是物料微观混合和传质反应过程发生的重要场所。填料的结构、材质组成、填装方式决定了填料的功能性，进而直接影响到旋转填料床的传质性能、使用寿命和应用范围，故而增强填料的功能性显的尤为重要。功能性填料通过改变常用填料的表面性质、调节形态、设计结构等手段，使填料具有如吸附、催化、疏水等功能特性，在提高旋转填料床的性能和运行效果方面表现出优异的成效。本文综述了在旋转填料床中功能性填料的主要分类与特点，总结分析了近年来功能性散装填料和规整填料在旋转填料床中的应用情况，从增强传质特性和改善液体流动行为方面分析了填料功能特性的体现，并对功能性填料的发展方向和工业化前景做出了展望。

关键词: 超重力旋转填料床, 功能性填料, 传质, 催化, CFD

Abstract:

As the core component of the rotating packing bed, the packing material play an important role in the micro-mixing and mass transfer reaction process. The structure, material composition and filling mode of the packings determine the function of the packings, which directly affect the mass transfer performance, service life and application range of the rotating packing bed, so it is particularly important to enhance the function of the packings. By changing the surface properties, adjusting the shape and designing the structure of the commonly used packings, the functional packings are imbued with functional properties such as adsorption, catalysis and hydrophobic, which shows excellent results in improving the performance and operation effect of the rotating packing bed. In this paper, the main classification and characteristics of functional packings in rotating packed beds were reviewed, the application of functional random and structured packings in rotating packed beds in recent years was summarized, the aspects of enhancing mass transfer characteristics and improving liquid flow behavior were analyzed for explaining the functional characteristics of packings, and the development direction and industrialization prospect of functional packings were prospected.

Key words: high-gravity rotating packing bed, functional packings, mass transfer, catalysis, CFD

中图分类号:

TQ 053

程婷, 焦纬洲, 刘有智. 功能性填料在超重力旋转填料床中的应用和研究进展[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20231272.

Ting CHENG, Weizhou JIAO, Youzhi LIU. Application and research progress of functional packings in high-gravity rotating packed bed[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20231272.

图/表 12

图1 旋转填料床中Fe-MnOX/AC填料催化臭氧降解废水[28]

Fig.1 Fe-MnOX/AC filler catalyzes ozone to degradate wastewater in a rotating packing bed[28]

图2 不同体系中臭氧的传质与分解[48]注:(a)不同和体系中臭氧分解速率常数 (b)不同体系中液相臭氧浓度

Fig.2 Mass transfer and decomposition of ozone in different systems[48]

图3 D201-HFO复合材料对Cr（VI）的去除和重复使用性[39]

Fig.3 Removal of Cr(VI) by D201-HFO and reusability of D201-HFO[39]

表1 RPB中散装填料的类型及特性

Table1 Types and characteristics of random packings in RPB

填料类型	载体材料	优点	缺点	应用体系
炭基填料	活性炭^[26-28]	高比表面积表面官能团丰富强吸附与催化性	再生较困难	有机废水处理体系
无机填料	分子筛^[31]	可调疏水性高抗湿性强吸附与催化性	原料成本较高	酸催化反应体系有机废水处理体系
有机填料	树脂^[37-39]	高化学稳定性强吸附性	存在泄露风险	重金属废水处理体系
金属基填料	氧化铝^[45-48]	高比表面积强吸附与催化性	热稳定性较差，较高温度易烧结	有机废水处理体系
金属基填料	铁基材料^[52-54]	强度适中可形成复合型填料	分散性较差，易团聚比表面积较小	有机废水处理体系

图4 亲水性丝网和疏水性丝网液滴破碎过程[59]

Fig.4 Liquid droplet breakup process on NSM and SSM[59]

图5 不同微纳结构对丝网疏水性和液滴分散锥角的影响[61]

Fig.5 Effects of different micro/nano-structure on hydrophobicity and θcone of wire mesh [61]

图6 泡沫镍填料SEM图[66]

Fig.6 SEM micrographs of NF[66]

图7 3D打印填料网格结构、支撑结构、实物图[73]

Fig.7 3D printed packing grid structure, support structure and solid packing for printing[73]

表2 功能性填料对比一般填料强化气液传质结果

Table2 The results of gas-liquid mass transfer enhanced by functional packings in RPB compared with general packings

功能性填料	一般填料	气液体系	ΔK_La
γ-Al₂O₃^[46]	无孔球形填料	CO₂-NaOH	+50.0%
疏水改性泡沫镍^[64]	泡沫镍	CO₂-NaOH	+28.0%
氧化铝包覆丝网^[76]	丝网	CO₂-NaOH	+45.7%
Fe-Mn-Cu/γ-Al₂O₃^[49]	玻璃珠	O₃-H₂O	+56.07%
3D打印填料^[73]	丝网	SO₂-NaOH	100-300倍
3D打印水滴状纤维网状填料（PMP-D）^[77]	丝网	VOCs-丙酮-硅油	+50.0%

图8 液体射流冲撞击垂直和水平丝网的分散现象[79]

Fig.8 Dispersion phenomena of liquid jet impaction on vertical and horizontal wire mesh[79]

图9 液滴冲击不同丝网的动态过程[82]

Fig.9 Dynamic process of the droplet impact on different wire mesh[82]

图10 液滴射流在不同丝网的轴向和径向流动行为[79]

Fig.10 The radial and axial flow behavior of droplet jets in different hydrophobic mesh[79]

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