机械应力对气体扩散层界面传输特性影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241093

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气体扩散层（GDL）多孔介质由多孔传输层（PTL）和微孔层（MPL）两个结构差异显著的组件构成，PTL/MPL界面对电池的性能有不可忽视的影响。为了深入研究机械应力对PTL/MPL界面传输特性的影响，首先利用X射线断层扫描表征商用GDL，重构出界面三维微尺度结构。随后使用有限元方法模拟界面在不同机械压缩比下的应力、应变和微结构参数分布。最后利用孔尺度模型获得机械压缩比与各向异性有效传输特性的关系。研究表明，40%的机械压缩比导致界面上的孔隙率减小了41%，平均孔径下降了近62%。此外，平面内方向的曲度增加了61%，气体扩散率降低了57%，传导率增加了1倍；厚度方向上曲度增加了1倍，气体扩散率降低了67%，有效传导率增加了3倍。

关键词: 气体扩散层, 多孔介质, 界面, 微尺度, 机械应力, 孔尺度模型, 传输特性

Abstract:

The gas diffusion layer (GDL) porous media is composed of two components with significantly different structures: the porous transport layer (PTL) and the microporous layer (MPL). The PTL/MPL interface has a non-negligible impact on the performance of the battery. To deeply investigate the effect of mechanical stress on the transport properties at the PTL/MPL interface. This study first reconstructs the three-dimensional microscale structure of the interface by using X-ray tomography to characterize the commercial GDL. Subsequently, the finite element method is utilized to simulate the distribution of stress, strain, and microstructure parameters at the interface under different mechanical compression ratios. Finally, the relationship between the mechanical compression ratio and the anisotropic effective transport properties is obtained by using a pore scale model. It is found that a 40% mechanical compression ratio leads to a 41% reduction in porosity and nearly 62% decrease in average pore size at the interface. In addition, the tortuosity increases by 61%, the gas diffusivity decreases by 57%, and the conductivity doubles in the in-plane direction. The tortuosity increases by a factor of two, the gas diffusivity decreases by 67%, and the effective conductivity increases by a factor of three in the through-plane direction.

Key words: gas diffusion layer, porous media, interfaces, microscale, mechanical stress, pore scale model, transport properties

中图分类号:

TM 911.4

张恒, 魁殿禄, 常虹, 詹志刚. 机械应力对气体扩散层界面传输特性影响[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(2): 637-644.

Heng ZHANG, Dianlu KUI, Hong CHANG, Zhigang ZHAN. Effect of mechanical stress on the interfacial transport properties of gas diffusion layers[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(2): 637-644.

图/表 12

图1 PTL/MPL界面模型XCT实验表征

Fig.1 Experimental XCT characterization of the PTL/MPL interface

图2 PTL/MPL界面样本的不同深度的切面图

Fig.2 Cross-sections of PTL/MPL interface samples at different depths

图3 PTL/MPL界面模型计算域

Fig.3 Computational domain of the PTL/MPL interface model

图4 PTL/MPL计算域截面

Fig.4 Different cross-sections of the PTL/MPL computational domains

图5 机械应力压缩示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of mechanical stress compression

图6 不同机械压缩比下的微结构参数分布

Fig.6 Distribution of microstructural parameters at different mechanical compression ratios

图7 在不同机械压缩比下的应力分布

Fig.7 Stress distribution at different mechanical compression ratios

图8 不同机械压缩比下的应力分布频率

Fig.8 Frequency distribution of stress under different mechanical compression ratios

图9 在不同机械压缩比下的应变分布

Fig.9 Strain distribution at different mechanical compression ratios

图10 不同机械压缩比下的应变分布频率

Fig.10 Frequency profile of strain distribution for different mechanical compression ratios

图11 PTL/MPL界面在平面内方向和厚度方向机械应力对气体传输的影响

Fig.11 Effect of mechanical ratios on gas transport at the PTL/MPL interface in the IP and TP directions

图12 PTL/MPL界面在平面内方向和厚度方向机械应力对传导性能的影响

Fig.12 Effect of mechanical stress on conductivity at the PTL/MPL interface in the IP and TP directions

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