沉浸式气化器烟气分布器布气性能与多目标参数优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241473

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了实现沉浸式气化器（SCV）烟气分布器高效设计，利用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法，研究了烟气分布器布气性能与多目标参数优化，揭示了烟气分布器场特性、偏流/空流机理及多目标响应面规律。结果表明，由于分流作用，分支管存在明显偏流现象，迎风侧烟气速度较大，盲端附近存在局部“低温区”；受变质量流动影响，分支管内烟气轴向速度逐渐降低，轴向压力逐渐增大；上游分支管排气速度不均匀度较低，故布气性能较优；为了保证烟气分布器正常布气，气孔压力应大于临界布气压力；当烟气入口速度为0.05 m/s时，部分分支管出现了空流现象，提出了临界入口速度与分支管临界长径比的预测公式；基于响应面分析方法，发现自变量因素对气孔排气速度不均匀度影响程度由小到大依次为气孔数目、气孔直径及分支管长度。研究结果可为SCV烟气分布器优化设计提供参考。

关键词: 沉浸式气化器, 烟气分布器, 多目标参数, 优化设计, 布气性能

Abstract:

In order to achieve efficient design of submerged combustion gasifier (SCV) flue gas distributor, a combination method of experiments and numerical simulations was used to study the gas distribution performance and multi-objective parameters optimization, revealing the flue gas distributor field characteristics, bias/empty flow mechanism and multi-objective response surface law. The results showed that due to the diversion effect, there is an obvious deviation phenomenon in the branch pipe, the smoke velocity on the windward side is relatively large, and there is a local "low temperature zone" near the blind end; under the influence of variable mass flow, the axial velocity of the smoke in the branch pipe gradually decreases, and the axial pressure gradually increases. Lower unevenness of exhaust velocity of upstream branch tube resulted in better gas distribution performance. In order to ensure the normal gas distribution of flue gas distributor, the orifice pressure should be greater than critical gas distribution pressure. When the flue gas inlet velocity was 0.05 m/s, some branch tubes experienced empty flow, the critical inlet velocity formula and aspect ratio of branch tubes were proposed. Based on the response surface analysis method, it was found that the impact degree of multi-objective factors on the unevenness of orifice velocity was the number of orifices, orifice diameter and branch tube length. The research results could provide references for optimization design of SCV flue gas distributor.

Key words: submerged combustion vaporizer, flue gas distributor, multi-objective parameters, optimization design, gas distribution performance

中图分类号:

TE 088

陈宇航, 陈金国, 陈炜毅, 王康, 郑昊, 韩昌亮. 沉浸式气化器烟气分布器布气性能与多目标参数优化[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(7): 3274-3285.

Yuhang CHEN, Jinguo CHEN, Weiyi CHEN, Kang WANG, Hao ZHENG, Changliang HAN. Gas distribution performance and multi objective parameters optimization of submerged combustion vaporizer flue gas distributor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(7): 3274-3285.

图/表 18

图1 烟气分布器物理模型

Fig.1 Physical model of flue gas distributor

表1 物理模型相关参数

Table 1 Related parameters of physical model

参数	物理意义	数值
L/mm	主管长度	740
Φ/mm	主管直径	110
D/mm	分支管直径	30
L₁/mm	分支管间距	50
L₂/mm	分支管长度	180
θ/(°)	气孔夹角	38
d/mm	气孔直径	4

图2 网格划分

Fig.2 Grid division

表2 网格系统无关性验证

Table 2 Grid systems independence verification

序号	网格数目/个	出口平均速度/(m/s)	出口平均压降/Pa	出口平均温度/K	最小单元尺寸/mm
Case1	2098756	3.80	101328.59	698.17	0.12
Case2	1994711	3.82	101328.22	699.93	0.13
Case3	1828611	3.84	101327.43	700.87	0.14
Case4	1645043	4.11	101327.88	726.36	0.18
Case5	1595027	4.76	101327.29	748.14	0.20

图3 不同网格系统下1号分支管气孔出口速度对比

Fig.3 Comparisons of orifice velocity on branch 1 under different grid systems

图4 SCV烟气分布器布气性能实验流程

Fig.4 Experimental flow of SCV flue gas distribution performance

图5 数值模型可靠性验证

Fig.5 Verification of numerical model reliability

图6 烟气分布器速度场特性

Fig.6 Velocity field characteristics of flue gas distributor

图7 烟气分布器温度场特性

Fig.7 Temperature field characteristics of flue gas distributor

图8 分支管轴向烟气场特性

Fig.8 Axial flue gas fields characteristics of branch tubes

图9 分支管上气孔排气速度不均匀度

Fig.9 Unevenness diagram of orifice velocity for branch tubes

图10 分支管内烟气体积流量分布

Fig.10 Distributions of flue gas volume rate inside branch tubes

图11 分支管空流现象

Fig.11 Empty flow phenomenon of branch tubes

图12 烟气分布器系统压力

Fig.12 System pressures of flue gas distributor

图13 结构参数对烟气分布器布气性能影响

Fig.13 Influence of structural parameters on flue gas distributor distribution performance

表3 自变量因素与数值范围

Table 3 Independence variable factors and ranges

因素	范围
A	10, 18, 26
B	2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm
C	170 mm, 190 mm, 210 mm

表4 多目标响应面分析结果

Table 4 Multi-objective response surface analysis results

序号	A	B/mm	C/mm	M	ΔP/Pa
1	10	4	180	0.01930	101341.97
2	14	4	180	0.02613	101332.90
3	18	4	180	0.06859	101329.67
4	22	4	180	0.06271	101328.22
5	26	4	180	0.11861	101326.62
6	22	2	180	0.01242	103159.56
7	22	3	180	0.03009	101334.03
8	22	5	180	0.14635	101326.24
9	22	6	180	0.36346	101329.34
10	22	4	170	0.05850	101328.04
11	22	4	190	0.07632	101328.03
12	22	4	200	0.08499	101328.05
13	22	4	210	0.09515	101328.07

图14 三种因素交互影响下的多目标响应面

Fig.14 Multi-objective response surface concerning with three factors interaction

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