生物基防腐涂层的研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20250699

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

面对绿色可持续发展的迫切需求，利用天然生物质为原料制备生物基防腐涂层已成为应对碳中和挑战、革新防腐技术的前沿热点。本文系统综述了生物基防腐涂层材料及其功能化的研究进展，深入阐述其主要的防腐蚀机制。针对当前生物基防腐涂层存在的性能局限，本文探讨了通过纳米复合、缓蚀剂负载、自愈合设计及协同防护机制等策略实现涂层性能提升。此外，本文还概述生物基防腐涂层在海洋工程、工业设备、航空航天等关键领域的应用现状，并指出未来生物基防腐涂层研发亟待突破的关键技术瓶颈，以推动其在更广泛领域的实际应用与产业化进程。

关键词: 生物质, 腐蚀, 聚合物, 涂层, 功能化

Abstract:

Facing the urgent demands of green and sustainable development, the preparation of bio based anticorrosive coatings using natural biomass as raw materials has become a cutting-edge research hotspot for addressing carbon neutrality challenges and innovating anticorrosion technologies. This paper provides a systematic review of the research progress on bio based anticorrosive coating materials and their functionalization, elaborating in depth on their primary anticorrosion mechanisms. In response to the performance limitations currently present in bio based anticorrosive coatings, this paper explores strategies such as nano-compositing, corrosion inhibitor loading, self-healing design, and synergistic protection mechanisms to enhance the performance of these coatings. Additionally, this paper outlines the current application status of bio based anticorrosive coatings in key fields such as marine engineering, industrial equipment, and aerospace, and points out the critical technological bottlenecks that urgently need to be overcome in the future research and development of these coatings, aiming to promote their practical application and industrialization process in even broader fields.

Key words: biomass, corrosion, polymers, coating, functionalization

中图分类号:

TQ 63

陈子汉, 刘晓阳, 杨天祥, 王志, 赵颂. 生物基防腐涂层的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20250699.

Zihan CHEN, Xiaoyang LIU, Tianxiang YANG, Zhi Wang, SONG Zhao. Research progress on bio based anti-corrosion coating[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20250699.

图/表 15

参考文献 124

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生物酚	金属种类	引入方式	涂层材料	浸泡时长/天	NaCl浓度/ wt%	腐蚀性能			文献
生物酚	金属种类	引入方式	涂层材料	浸泡时长/天	NaCl浓度/ wt%	腐蚀电位 E_corr/V	腐蚀电流密度I_coor /(×10^-9A·cm^-2)	低频阻抗 \|Z\|_0.01H_z / (×10⁸Ω·cm²)	文献
腰果酚	钢/Q235	固化剂	FBA-E	100	5	-0.23	0.29	12.30	[19]
	钢/Q235	固化剂	FBA-B-E	100	5	0.70	0.014	585	[20]
	碳钢/1010	固化剂	CNSL/PFDA	0	3.5	-0.51	1.95	2.15	[21]
	低碳钢	固化剂	DCTAni-20	0	3.5	-0.22	0.017	7.20	[22]
	低碳钢	固化剂	NC514-DAPM-PDMS	1	3.5	-0.48	0.27	35.10	[23]
	低碳钢	固化剂	MSIL-2	21	3.5	-0.23	0.89	113	[24]
	钢/Q235	固化剂	WE-PB-5	45	3.5	0.0020	4.53	6.85	[25]
	钢/Q235	纳米材料表面接枝	A-GO/602A	90	3.5	—	—	60.80	[26]
	不锈钢	硫化改性	CCES-20	3	3.5	-0.25	—	8.00	[27]
丁香酚	铜	纳米材料表面接枝	PE/G-1.25	—	3.5	-0.53	1.39	—	[28]
	低碳钢	有机硅改性	PSEDBA-10	30	3.5	—	—	36.90	[29]
厚朴酚	马口铁	有机硅改性	E51/HSEE	6	3.5	—	—	18.20	[30]
厚朴酚	低碳钢	环氧树脂	DGEM-D230	7	3.5	—	—	1.23	[31]
	钢/Q235	环氧树脂	DGEM-D230	15	3.5	-0.33	3.88	1250	[32]
香兰素	低碳钢	固化剂	MagnTEP-20	1	3.5	—	—	2190	[33]
香兰素	不锈钢/304	固化剂	AEP-3	150	3.5	—	—	10	[34]
	钢/Q235	纳米材料表面接枝	APGO-3-DE	70	3.5	-0.25	0.0010	223	[35]
	钢/Q235	缓蚀剂	MK-VK/EP	45	3.5	-0.33	0.60	597	[36]
	低碳钢	环氧树脂	PTEP-OSL/ZnO	—	3.5	-0.11	0.0050	0.56	[37]
	铝合金/AA2024	有机硅改性	DGEVA-GPTMS-TEOS	68	3.5	—	—	4.00	[38]
单宁酸	钢/Q235	纳米材料表面接枝	MNs@TA-0.5	6.5	3.5	—	8473	0.027	[39]
	镁合金/AZ91D	纳米材料表面接枝	P-Ce/DMS-TA@CS-EP	60	3.5	-1.37	8.45	994	[40]
	钢/Q235	缓蚀剂	TACC	7	3.5	—	—	5.44	[41]
	低碳钢	缓蚀剂	ZnT	28	3.5	-0.70	—	1.10	[42]
	低碳钢	缓蚀剂	Ce-TAA	21	3.5	—	—	>1.00	[43]
	碳钢/DC-01	固化剂	ESO-TA	368	3.5	—	—	>0.010	[44]

生物酚	金属种类	引入方式	涂层材料	浸泡时长/天	NaCl浓度/ wt%	腐蚀性能			文献
生物酚	金属种类	引入方式	涂层材料	浸泡时长/天	NaCl浓度/ wt%	腐蚀电位 E_corr/V	腐蚀电流密度I_coor /(×10^-9A·cm^-2)	低频阻抗 \|Z\|_0.01H_z / (×10⁸Ω·cm²)	文献
腰果酚	钢/Q235	固化剂	FBA-E	100	5	-0.23	0.29	12.30	[19]
	钢/Q235	固化剂	FBA-B-E	100	5	0.70	0.014	585	[20]
	碳钢/1010	固化剂	CNSL/PFDA	0	3.5	-0.51	1.95	2.15	[21]
	低碳钢	固化剂	DCTAni-20	0	3.5	-0.22	0.017	7.20	[22]
	低碳钢	固化剂	NC514-DAPM-PDMS	1	3.5	-0.48	0.27	35.10	[23]
	低碳钢	固化剂	MSIL-2	21	3.5	-0.23	0.89	113	[24]
	钢/Q235	固化剂	WE-PB-5	45	3.5	0.0020	4.53	6.85	[25]
	钢/Q235	纳米材料表面接枝	A-GO/602A	90	3.5	—	—	60.80	[26]
	不锈钢	硫化改性	CCES-20	3	3.5	-0.25	—	8.00	[27]
丁香酚	铜	纳米材料表面接枝	PE/G-1.25	—	3.5	-0.53	1.39	—	[28]
	低碳钢	有机硅改性	PSEDBA-10	30	3.5	—	—	36.90	[29]
厚朴酚	马口铁	有机硅改性	E51/HSEE	6	3.5	—	—	18.20	[30]
厚朴酚	低碳钢	环氧树脂	DGEM-D230	7	3.5	—	—	1.23	[31]
	钢/Q235	环氧树脂	DGEM-D230	15	3.5	-0.33	3.88	1250	[32]
香兰素	低碳钢	固化剂	MagnTEP-20	1	3.5	—	—	2190	[33]
香兰素	不锈钢/304	固化剂	AEP-3	150	3.5	—	—	10	[34]
	钢/Q235	纳米材料表面接枝	APGO-3-DE	70	3.5	-0.25	0.0010	223	[35]
	钢/Q235	缓蚀剂	MK-VK/EP	45	3.5	-0.33	0.60	597	[36]
	低碳钢	环氧树脂	PTEP-OSL/ZnO	—	3.5	-0.11	0.0050	0.56	[37]
	铝合金/AA2024	有机硅改性	DGEVA-GPTMS-TEOS	68	3.5	—	—	4.00	[38]
单宁酸	钢/Q235	纳米材料表面接枝	MNs@TA-0.5	6.5	3.5	—	8473	0.027	[39]
	镁合金/AZ91D	纳米材料表面接枝	P-Ce/DMS-TA@CS-EP	60	3.5	-1.37	8.45	994	[40]
	钢/Q235	缓蚀剂	TACC	7	3.5	—	—	5.44	[41]
	低碳钢	缓蚀剂	ZnT	28	3.5	-0.70	—	1.10	[42]
	低碳钢	缓蚀剂	Ce-TAA	21	3.5	—	—	>1.00	[43]
	碳钢/DC-01	固化剂	ESO-TA	368	3.5	—	—	>0.010	[44]

生物质	优势	局限	涂层机械强度	涂层防腐性能	综合性能	文献
生物酚	抗氧化性强络合能力强	提取成本高涂层固化温度高	中等	较强低频阻抗最高达2.19×10¹¹Ω·cm²	强	[50-55]
植物油	官能团丰富柔韧性强	易发生开环副反应涂层固化温度高	中等	较强低频阻抗最高达2.57×10⁹Ω·cm²	强	[58-65]
木质素	价格低廉易于化学改性	提取效率低分散性差	中等	较强低频阻抗>10⁸Ω·cm²	中等	[10-17]
纳米纤维素	机械性能优异界面相容性好	亲水性过强分散性差	高	中等低频阻抗<10⁸Ω·cm²	中等	[18-46]
壳聚糖	生物相容性好抗菌与自愈性强	溶解度低柔韧性差	低	较差低频阻抗<10⁶Ω·cm²	弱	[66-70]

生物质	优势	局限	涂层机械强度	涂层防腐性能	综合性能	文献
生物酚	抗氧化性强络合能力强	提取成本高涂层固化温度高	中等	较强低频阻抗最高达2.19×10¹¹Ω·cm²	强	[50-55]
植物油	官能团丰富柔韧性强	易发生开环副反应涂层固化温度高	中等	较强低频阻抗最高达2.57×10⁹Ω·cm²	强	[58-65]
木质素	价格低廉易于化学改性	提取效率低分散性差	中等	较强低频阻抗>10⁸Ω·cm²	中等	[10-17]
纳米纤维素	机械性能优异界面相容性好	亲水性过强分散性差	高	中等低频阻抗<10⁸Ω·cm²	中等	[18-46]
壳聚糖	生物相容性好抗菌与自愈性强	溶解度低柔韧性差	低	较差低频阻抗<10⁶Ω·cm²	弱	[66-70]

生物基材料	纳米填料种类	涂层材料	浸泡时长/天	NaCl 浓度/wt%	腐蚀性能			文献
生物基材料	纳米填料种类	涂层材料	浸泡时长/天	NaCl 浓度/wt%	腐蚀电位 E_corr/V	腐蚀电流密度 I_coor/ （×10^-9A·cm^-2）	低频阻抗 \|Z\|_0.01Hz/（×10⁸Ω·cm²）	文献
聚乳酸	有机硅改性滑石粉	5Talc-POTs/80A20B	90	3.5	—	—	>1000	[88]
麻风树油	ZnO	AEJO/ZnO	33	3.5	0.14	1.29	0.20	[89]
麻风树油	石墨烯	AEJO-GNP	30	3.5	0.010	1.53	0.34	[90]
腰果酚/没食子酸	六方氮化硼	PC-S/GA/BN	30	3.5	—	—	323	[84]
蓖麻油	SiO₂	OXY-MSNP-ECO	15	3.5	-0.028	7.40	0.018	[91]
蓖麻油	钼负载沸石	MoS5-COPU	15	3.5	-0.11	0.50	0.13	[92]
氧化杜仲胶	8-羟基喹啉改性沸石	EL/8HQ@ZIF-8/fZ	15	3.5	—	—	0.21	[93]
聚乳酸	石榴石	Epoxy/PLA/Garnet	28	3.5	0.033	0.018	27	[94]
腰果酚	UPy改性氧化石墨烯	I-G-NEU0.2	45	3.5	—	—	22.10	[95]
壳聚糖	Ti₃C₂Tx	Ti₃C₂Tx MXene-SnCl₂	7	—	—	2.28	16.52	[96]
环氧大豆油	单宁酸-石墨烯	TH-rGO	56	3.5	—	—	44.20	[97]
纤维素	纳米纤维素-石墨烯-ZnO	TPCRZ	15	3.5	-0.51	33.10	≈0.10	[98]