管壁弹性对超高压压缩机管路气流脉动特性的影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20251381

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前超高压压缩机管路气流脉动研究不足的情况，开展了某聚乙烯装置超高压二次压缩机管路的气流脉动计算与测试研究。首次提出一种考虑管道受内压变形的管路一维非定常流动算法，时域求解各处脉动气流的物理量。对超高压二次压缩机的二级排气管路系统进行了基于应变法的压力脉动测试，并采用自主开发的计算流体力学程序展开气流脉动计算分析。结果表明，两个测点处压力脉动频谱的计算与实测结果符合较好，按刚性和非刚性管道计算的频谱结果存在差异。运行工况下，管道内径1.4~1.5 ‰的膨胀率引起气流声速1 %的降低，局部管路压力脉动峰峰值的变化超8 %。管道壁厚变化对非刚性管道的压力脉动水平施加影响，相对壁厚由0.1增至1，压力脉动峰峰值增长2~15%。

关键词: 管路, 气流脉动, 超高压压缩机, 非刚性管道, 一维非定常流动, 计算流体力学

Abstract:

In response to the insufficient research on gas pulsation in the pipelines of hyper compressors, a study was conducted on the calculation and testing of gas pulsation in the piping system of a secondary compressor in a polyethylene plant. A one-dimensional unsteady flow algorithm for pipelines considering the deformation due to internal pressure is proposed for the first time, which solves the physical quantities of pulsating gas in the pipeline in the time domain. A pressure pulsation test based on the strain method was conducted on the secondary-stage exhaust pipeline system of the hyper compressor, and an independently developed computational fluid dynamics program was used to analyze the gas pulsation. The results indicate that the calculated pressure pulsation spectra at the two measuring points are in good agreement with the measured results, but there are differences in the frequency spectra calculated for rigid and non-rigid pipes. Under the operating condition, an expansion rate of 1.4~1.5 ‰ of the inner diameter of pipeline causes a 1% decrease in the sound speed of gas flow, and the peak-to-peak values of pressure pulsation at some locations change by more than 8%. The change in pipe wall thickness has an impact on the pressure pulsation level of non-rigid pipelines. As the relative wall thickness increases from 0.1 to 1, the peak-to-peak value of ressure pulsation increases by 2-15%.

Key words: pipeline, gas pulsation, hyper compressor, non-rigid pipe, one-dimensional unsteady flow, computational fluid dynamics

中图分类号:

TH411

肖军, 耿茂飞. 管壁弹性对超高压压缩机管路气流脉动特性的影响[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20251381.

Jun XIAO, Maofei GENG. Influence of pipe wall elasticity on the gas pulsation characteristics of a hyper compressor pipeline[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20251381.

图/表 11

图1 时空网格及特征线

Fig.1 Space-time grid and characteristic lines

图2 应变法测试方案

Fig.2 Schematic of strain–pressure method

图3 测点应变片

Fig.3 Strain gauges at measuring points

图4 二级排气管路系统

Fig.4 Secondary exhaust pipelines

图5 计算与测试的测点压力脉动频谱对比

Fig.5 Comparison of spectra of pressure pulsation at test points

图6 数值计算的测点压力脉动频谱

Fig.6 Calculated spectra of pressure pulsation at test points

图7 非刚性及刚性管道计算的压力脉动峰峰值

Fig.7 Peak-to-peak values of pressure pulsation for flexible and rigid pipelines

图8 非刚性及刚性管道计算的平均声速(运行工况)

Fig.8 Average speed of sound for flexible and rigid pipelines (Operating condition)

图9 非刚性及刚性管道计算的平均声速（设计工况）

Fig.9 Average speed of sound for flexible and rigid pipelines (Design condition)

图10 非刚性管道压力脉动随壁厚的变化

Fig.10 Variation of pressure pulsation with wall thickness

图11 压力脉动随管道内径的变化

Fig.11 Variation of pressure pulsation with inner diameter

参考文献 30

[1]	Passeri M, Generosi S, Bagagli R, et al. Preliminary piping sizing and pressure pulsation evaluation[C]// ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. Anaheim, California, USA, 2014.
[2]	Yang L L, Jia X H, Peng X Y. Analysis of the thermodynamic characteristics of a hyper-compressor through numerical simulation and experimental investigation[J]. Applied Sciences, 2023, 13(7): 4478.
[3]	Giacomelli E, Pratesi S, Fani R, et al. Improving availability of hypercompressors [C]// ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference.Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2002.
[4]	Chen Y N. Calculation of gas vibrations due to simultaneous excitations in reciprocating compressor piping systems with allowance for frictional effect and temperature change in the flow [J]. Journal of Sound and vibration, 1967, 5(2): 215-256.
[5]	Pierce A D. Acoustics: An Introduction to Its Physical Principles and Applications[M]. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1981.
[6]	Mohri Y, Hayama S. Resonant amplitudes of mechanical pressure pulsation in pipelines[J]. JSME International Journal, 1987, 30(262): 602-607.
[7]	霍振, 介鹏飞, 李兆亭, 等. 往复式压缩机气流脉动抑制方法研究[J]. 流体机械, 2024, 52(11): 39-46, 64.
	Huo Z, Jie P F, Li Z T, et al. Research on the suppression method of gas pulsation in reciprocating compressor[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2024, 52(11): 39-46, 64.
[8]	门晓苏, 张卫义, 赵杰, 等. 基于平面波理论的压缩机气流压力脉动分析与试验研究[J]. 流体机械, 2017, 45(12): 1-7, 12.
	Men X S, Zhang W Y, Zhao J, et al. Analysis of gas pressure pulsation based on acoustic wave theory and experimental research[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2017, 45(12): 1-7, 12.
[9]	Guo R, Tang W B, Zhu W W. Acoustic performance and flow analysis of a multi-chamber perforated resonator for the intake system of a turbocharged engine[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D, Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2017, 231(1): 120-129.
[10]	Zawodny N S, Liu F, Cattafesta L. Transfer matrix modeling of a recessed microphone for unsteady surface pressure measurements[J]. Applied Acoustics, 2017, 117: 185-190.
[11]	Maclaren J F T, Tramschek A B, Sanjines A, et al. A comparison of numerical solutions of the unsteady flow equations applied to reciprocating compressor systems[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 1975, 17(5): 271-279.
[12]	Maclaren J F T, Tramschek A B, Pastrana O F. A study of unsteady gas flow in perforated pipes in compressor systems[C]// International Compressor Engineering Conference. West Lafayette, Indiana, USA, 1976.
[13]	Poloni M, Winterbone D E, Nichols J R. Comparison of unsteady flow calculations in a pipe by the method of characteristics and the two-step differential Lax-Wendroff method[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 1987, 29(5): 367-378.
[14]	Brun K, Bowles E B, Deffenbaugh D M. Development of a transient fluid dynamic solver for compression system pulsation analysis[C]// Gas Machinery Conference. Dallas, Texas, USA, 2007.
[15]	李元, 全恺, 吴睿, 等. 往复压缩机管路大气流脉动的数值模拟和实验研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2019, 53(11): 20-26.
	Li Y, Quan K, Wu R, et al. Numerical simulation and experimental research on the large pressure pulsation in a reciprocating compressor pipeline system[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2019, 53(11): 20-26.
[16]	Liu Z, Jia W G, Liang L H, Et al. Analysis of pressure pulsation influence on compressed natural gas (CNG) compressor performance for ideal and real gas models [J]. Applied Sciences, 2019, 9(5): 946.
[17]	Liu Z, Duan Z Y. Development of a transient gas dynamic model for the simulation of pulsation in reciprocating compressor piping systems[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E, Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 232(6): 685-695.
[18]	Li S S, Zhang L W, Kong C Y. Vibration failure analysis and countermeasures of the inlet pipelines at a gas compressor station[J]. Shock and Vibration, 2019, 2019: 6032962.
[19]	PaïDoussis M P, Li G X. Pipes conveying fluid: A model dynamical problem[J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 1993, 7(2): 137-204.
[20]	Wiggert D C, Tijsseling A. Fluid transients and ﬂuid-structure interaction in ﬂexible liquid-ﬁlled piping[J]. Applied Mechanics Reviews, 2001, 54(5): 455-481.
[21]	Ferras D, Manso P A, Schleiss A J, et al. One-dimensional fluid–structure interaction models in pressurized fluid-filled pipes: a review[J]. Applied Sciences, 2018, 8(10): 1844.
[22]	Andrade D M, de Freitas Rachid F B, Tijsseling A S. A new model for fluid transients in piping systems taking into account the fluid-structure interaction[J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2022, 114: 103720.
[23]	Wu J, Li C J, Zheng S Y, et al. Study on fluid-structure coupling vibration of compressor pipeline[J]. Shock and Vibration, 2019, 2019: 8624324.
[24]	Chen Y, Tan J J, Tian S X. Vibration characteristics analysis and structural improvement of natural gas venting ignition pipeline [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Control Systems, 2021, 2(2): 125-134.
[25]	Zhu H J, Hu Y N, Tang T, et al. Evolution of gas-liquid two-phase flow in an M-Shaped jumper and the resultant flow-induced vibration response[J]. Processes, 2022, 10(10): 2133.
[26]	Jeppson R W, Flammer G H, Watters G Z. Experimental study of water hammer in buried PVC and Permastran pipes[R]. Logan, USA: Utah State University, 1972.
[27]	Farzaneh-Gord M, Niazmand A, Deymi-Dashtebayaz M, et al. Effects of natural gas compositions on CNG (compressed natural gas) reciprocating compressors performance[J]. Energy, 2015, 90: 1152-1162.
[28]	Liu Z, Yang X Q, Yang X H, et al. Performance evaluation on the in-cylinder heat transfer of a reciprocating compressor using CO₂ as a working fluid[J]. Journal of Thermal Science, 2022, 31(5): 1518-1530.
[29]	Fusi A, Cappelli L, Carcasci C, et al. Tuning of the acoustical analysis model for hypercompressors through strain gage pulsation measurements[C]// ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. San Antonio, Texas, USA, 2019.
[30]	Carcasci C, Sacco M, Landucci M, et al. From piping deformation to pressure pulsation measurements to solve LDPE plants vibration issues[C]// ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. Prague, Czech Republic, 2018.