化工学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (9): 3753-3761.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20150998

• 能源和环境工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

香蕉茎秆酶法脱胶工艺及其脱胶纤维性能

徐树英1, 谭蔚1, 张玉苍2   

  1. 1 天津大学化工学院, 天津 300072;
    2 海南大学海口市固废资源利用及环境保护重点实验室, 海南 海口 570228
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-26 修回日期:2015-07-02 出版日期:2015-09-05 发布日期:2015-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 张玉苍
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(51263006);高校博士学科点专项科研基金(博导类)(20134601110004);海南省国际合作项目(KJHZ2014-02);海南省产学研一体化项目(CXY20150019);海南大学服务地方经济项目(HDSF201311)。

Enzyme degumming process of banana pseudostem fibers andcharacterization of degummed fibers

XU Shuying1, TAN Wei1, ZHANG Yucang2   

  1. 1 College of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
    2 Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Resource Utilization and Environmental Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
  • Received:2015-06-26 Revised:2015-07-02 Online:2015-09-05 Published:2015-09-05
  • Supported by:

    supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51263006), the Doctoral Subject Program of High Education Research Fund (20134601110004), the Program of Hainan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation (KJHZ2014-02), the Program of Hainnan Industry & Fundamental Research Integration (CXY20150019), the Serving Local Economy Program of Hainan University (HDSF201311).

摘要:

为了将生物质废弃物香蕉茎秆进行高值化利用,采用酶法脱胶工艺制备香蕉茎秆纤维。研究超声预处理工艺中频率、处理温度对香蕉茎秆脱胶率的影响,确定较佳的超声预处理工艺。将预处理后的香蕉茎秆粗纤维进行半纤维素酶、果胶酶脱胶,分别考察缓冲液pH、酶浓度、反应温度对脱胶率的影响。结果表明:预处理工艺中超声处理的较佳频率为40 kHz,温度为70℃;酶法脱胶工艺中较佳的半纤维素酶缓冲液pH为5.5,半纤维素酶浓度为0.004 g·ml-1,反应温度为50℃;较佳的果胶酶缓冲液pH为6.0,果胶酶浓度为0.003 g·ml-1,反应温度为55℃。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析酶法较佳工艺制备的香蕉茎秆纤维的理化特性;并对其机械性能进行测试与分析。FTIR及XRD结果表明:酶法较佳工艺制备的香蕉茎秆纤维去除了半纤维素和大部分果胶,相对结晶度为66.4%;机械性能测试结果表明酶法较佳工艺制备的香蕉茎秆纤维的拉伸强度、杨氏模量和断裂伸长率分别是118.48 MPa,15.15 GPa,0.67%。

关键词: 香蕉茎秆纤维, 生物质, 超声预处理, 脱胶率, 半纤维素酶, 果胶酶, 制备, 机械性能

Abstract:

In order to utilize the banana pseudostems, a rich biomass resource in Hainan, the fibers were extracted from banana pseudostem by enzyme treatment. In this work, the better process conditions of frequency and temperature in ultrasonic pretreatment were determined, and two enzymes, hemicellulase and pectinase, were used to remove pectin and hemicelluloses, and to loose the compact structure of fibers, respectively. The better degummed process conditions of the concentration of these two enzymes, reaction temperature and pH value in enzyme process were optimized in terms of degummed rate. The optimum parameters were determined as: the concentration of hemicellulase 0.004 g·ml-1, reaction temperature 50℃, pH value 5.5, concentration of pectinase 0.003 g·ml-1, reaction temperature 55℃ and pH value 6.0. Chemical characterization of the banana pseudostem fibers confirmed that the cellulose content was increased from 60% to 65% due to the application of enzyme treatments. The physicochemical properties of enzyme treated banana pseudostem fibers were analyzed by using the fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tensile properties of enzyme treated banana pseudostem fibers were also investigated. The FTIR and XRD analyses of the enzyme treated banana pseudostem fibers showed an obvious reduction in amount of noncellulosic substances with a crystallinity index of 66.4%. Surface morphological studies using SEM revealed that the enzyme treated banana pseudostem fibers had a rougher surface with a lot of little pectin substance and exhibited brittle fracture. The tensile tests revealed that the tensile strength was about 118.48 MPa with Young's modulus of 15.15 GPa and elongation at break of 0.67%.

Key words: banana pseudostem fibers, biomass, ultrasonic pretreatment, degumming rate, hemicellulose, pectinase, preparation, mechanical properties

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