关键词: 木薯淀粉, 超临界二氧化碳, 黏度, 凝胶, 结晶度

Abstract:

Cassava starch was extracted in different conditions with supercritical carbon dioxide. The morphological characteristics and the gelating properties of the treated starch, such as particle morphology, swelling degree, crystalline structure, viscosity, retrogradation and freeze-thaw stability, were evaluated and compared with native cassava starch by using scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analyzer, Brabender visco-analyser or other methods. As a result, it showed that with the change of the pressure, temperature and time of the treatment, the morphology of the treated starch was not obviously changed, but the swelling degree decreased and the crystallinity increased. It also found that the anti-precipitability of the treated starch gel was strengthened and the freeze-thaw stability reduced. Meanwhile, Brabender viscosity analysis suggested that the gelation temperature of the treated starch could be slightly raised and the peak viscosity of the treated starch gel decreased, while the thermal stability little changed. All the results indicated that the cassava starch molecules could be partially degraded and the ratio of amylose to amylopectin would increase in the process of supercritical treatment, leading to the alteration of some microstructure characteristics and gelating properties of cassava starch.

Key words: cassava starch, supercritical carbon dioxide, viscosity, gels, crystallinity