锂离子电池硅基负极黏结剂的研究新进展

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180699

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硅具有较高的理论比容量，被认为是极具应用前景的锂离子电池负极材料。然而，硅在充放电过程中会产生巨大的体积变化，导致电极粉化脱落和容量的迅速下降，限制了硅基负极材料的应用。黏结剂是锂离子电池中一个不可或缺的组成部分，对体积变化较大的硅基负极而言，除了满足作为锂离子电池黏结剂的基本要求外，对黏结剂的结构和性能又提出了新的要求，黏结剂的选择对于增强硅基电极结构的稳定性并实现长期循环具有更加重要的意义。总结了近年来硅基负极材料黏结剂的研究进展，重点介绍了用于硅基负极材料的交联类黏结剂、导电类黏结剂和自修复类黏结剂等几种黏结剂的性能特点和应用，为选择和设计更加适合的硅基负极黏结剂提供研究建议。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 硅基负极, 黏结剂, 聚合物, 制备, 电化学

Abstract:

Silicon has a high theoretical specific capacity and is considered to be a promising lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode material. However, silicon-based materials usually suffer from large volume change during the charge and discharge process, leading to pulverization and breakage of electrode and rapid capacity loss, hindering the wide commercialization of silicon for lithium-ion batteries. Electrode binder plays a crucial role in determining the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries. The application of silicon-based materials as the anode has raised new requirements for the binders in their structure and performance design besides the basic requirements as the electrode binder. An appropriate design of binder for silicon-based anode plays an important role in achieving a stable electrode structure and good cycling performance. This article reviews the research progress of binders for silicon-based anode in recent years, summarizes the performance characteristics and application of crosslinked polymeric binders, conductive polymeric binders and self-healing polymeric binders etc. in silicon-based anodes and tries to give suggestions in the future design of binder for silicon-based anode.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, silicon-based anodes, binders, polymers, preparation, electrochemistry

中图分类号:

TM911

高翔, 国媛, 魏迪锋, 罗英武, 苏荣欣. 锂离子电池硅基负极黏结剂的研究新进展[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(11): 4605-4613.

GAO Xiang, GUO Yuan, WEI Difeng, LUO Yingwu, SU Rongxin. Recent progress on binders for silicon-based anodes in lithium-ion batteries[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(11): 4605-4613.

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