极压石墨烯润滑油添加剂的制备与应用

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

石墨烯是一种具有优异自润滑、力学和热学等特性的新型材料，虽然在润滑油领域具有很好的应用前景，但因其在润滑油中的分散性较差、容易团聚而限制了它的广泛应用。通过在石墨烯表面接枝长链烷烃得到了亲油型改性石墨烯(MGM)，且改进了润滑油添加剂(LOA)的配方以加强润滑油和石墨烯的相互作用、促进石墨烯的稳定分散并协同石墨烯发挥润滑作用，最终得到了具有极佳助润滑性能和稳定分散性的石墨烯润滑油添加剂(MGLOA)。结果表明，MGM和LOA在其它市售润滑油中的最佳添加量分别为0.004%(质量)和5%(质量)，此时润滑油的极压润滑性能能够提高11倍以上，且在应用过程中展现出了很好的降温、降噪和减振作用。

关键词: 石墨烯, 表面改性, 制备, 极压润滑, 稳定性, 磨损

Abstract:

Since graphene was discovered, the application of graphene in the field of lubricants had been paid much attention originating from its excellent self-lubrication, mechanical and thermal properties. However, graphene had poor dispersion and easily reunited in oil, which is the key factor limiting the use of graphene in lubricants. To obtain the graphene lubricant additive (MGLOA) with excellent lubrication performance and stable dispersibility, long chain alkanes were grafted on the surfaces of graphene and the oleophilic modified graphene microchip (MGM) was obtained. Otherwise, the formula of lubricant additives (LOA) had been improved to strengthen the interaction between MGM and LOA, which was conducive to further promote the stable dispersion of MGM and showed synergistic lubrication with MGM. The results indicated that the use of MGM and/or LOA can fantastic increase the extreme-pressure lubrication performance of commercial lubricating oils and the optimal amount of MGM and LOA in other lubricants was 0.004 %(mass) and 5%(mass), respectively. The pressure lubrication performances of lubricating oils with 5%(mass) MGLOA-800 (MGM has a content of 0.08 %(mass) in LOA) were improved more than 11 times process. And in application, the process shows good cooling, noise reduction and vibration reduction.

Key words: graphene, surface modification, preparation, extreme-pressure lubrication, stability, attrition

中图分类号:

TH 117.2

段亚强, 何险峰, 武桐, 张燕萍, 赵志国. 极压石墨烯润滑油添加剂的制备与应用[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(1): 360-369.

Yaqiang DUAN, Xianfeng HE, Tong WU, Yanping ZHANG, Zhiguo ZHAO. Preparation and application of graphene lubricant additive with extreme-pressure performance[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(1): 360-369.

图/表 8

图1 润滑油极压测试示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of lubricating oil extreme-pressure test

图2 LN-4NA-T和MGM的表征结果

Fig.2 Characterization results of LN-4NA-T and MGM

图3 LN-4NA-T和MGM在LOA中的分散性

Fig.3 Photographic images of dispersions of LN-4NA-T and MGM in LOA

图4 具不同MGM含量润滑油的极压性能测试

Fig.4 Extreme-pressure tests of lubricating oil with different MGM contents

图5 不同LOA含量的混合石墨烯润滑油的极压性能测试

Fig.5 Extreme-pressure tests of mixed graphene lubricants with different LOA contents

图6 润滑油降温性能对比

Fig.6 Cooling performance of lubricating oils comparison

图7 润滑油降噪性能对比

Fig.7 Noise reduction performance of lubricating oils comparison

图8 润滑油减振性能对比

Fig.8 Vibration damping performance of lubricating oils comparison

参考文献 38

1	Sharon M , Sharon M . Graphene in industry, commercialization challenges and economics[M]//Graphene: An Introduction to the Fundamentals and Industrial Applications. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015: 217-255.
2	Mu B , Li X , Yang B P , et al . Tribological behaviors of polyurethane composites containing self-lubricating microcapsules and reinforced by short carbon fibers[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer, 2017, 134(43): 45331-45340.
3	Xiao H P , Liu S H . 2D nanomaterials as lubricant additive: a review[J]. Materials & Design, 2017, 135: 319-332.
4	Zhao J , Mao J Y , Li Y R , et al . Friction-induced nano-structural evolution of grapheme as a lubrication additive[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 434(15): 21-27.
5	Plutnar J , Pumera M , Sofer Z . The chemistry of CVD grapheme[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2018, 6: 6082-6101.
6	Gao X , Chen L , Ji L , et al . Humidity-sensitive macroscopic lubrication behavior of an as-sprayed graphene oxide coating [J]. Carbon, 2018, 140: 124-130.
7	Li Y R , Zhao J , Tang C , et al . Highly exfoliated reduced graphite oxide powders as efficient lubricant oil additives[J]. Advanced Mater Interfaces, 2016, 3(22): 1600700-1600707.
8	Liu X , Wang L Y , Wan Z G , et al . Electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of ionic liquid modified shear exfoliation graphene/CO-PA nanocomposites at extremely low graphene loading[J]. Polymer Composites, 2016, 38(S1): 24016-24023.
9	张姗姗, 赵建国, 张进, 等 . 褶皱石墨烯球对润滑油摩擦性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(10): 4479-4485.
	Zhang S S , Zhao J G , Zhang J , et al . Effect of crumpled graphene balls on friction performance of base oil[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(10): 4479-4485.
10	Waleed M A , Rouby E . Crumpled graphene: preparation and applications[J]. RSC Advances, 2015, 5(3): 66767-66796.
11	Tiwari A , Shukla S K . Surface Modification of Graphene[M]. Advanced Carbon Materials and Technology. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013: 35-86.
12	Senatore A , D’Agostino V , Petrone V , et al . Graphene oxide nanosheets as effective friction modifier for oil lubricant: materials, methods, and tribological results[J]. ISRN Tribology, 2013. doi:10.5402/2013/425809. DOI
13	Reinert L , Varenberg M , Mückich F , et al . Dry friction and wear of self-lubricating carbon-nanotube-containing surfaces[J]. Wear, 2018, 406/407(15): 33-42.
14	Bouṧa D , Pumera M , Sedmidubskỳ D , et al . Fine tuning of graphene properties by modification with aryl halogens[J]. Nanoscale, 2016, 8: 1493-1502.
15	Ismail N A , Bagheri S . Highly oil-dispersed functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanosheets as lube oil friction modifier[J]. Materials Science and Engineering B, 2017, 222: 34-42.
16	Gupta B , Kumar N , Panda K , et al . Molecular-pillar-supported functionalized reduced graphene-oxide for energy efficient lubrication[J]. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2016, 3(13): 1600161-1600169.
17	Feng W , Long P , Feng Y Y , et al . Two-dimensional fluorinated graphene: synthesis, structures, properties and applications[J]. Advanced Science, 2016, 3(7): 1500413-1500434.
18	陈宇飞, 武耘仲, 郭红缘, 等 . 功能化石墨烯改性双马来酰亚胺复合材料的微观表征及性能[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(10): 4456-4463.
	Chen Y F , Wu Y Z , Guo H Y , et al . Characteristic and properties of bismaleimide modified by functionalized[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(10): 4456-4463.
19	Du S N , Sun J L , Wu P . Preparation, characterization and lubrication performances of grapheme oxide-TiO₂ nanofluid in rolling strips[J]. Carbon, 2018, 140: 338-351.
20	Liu J Q , Tang J G , Gooding J J . Strategies for chemical modification of graphene and applications of chemically modified graphene[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22: 12435-12452.
21	Martin D P , Tariq A , Richards B D O , et al . White light induced covalent modification of graphene using a phenazine dye[J]. Chemical Communications, 2017, 53: 10715-10718.
22	周国民, 张汉 . 对Timken试验机杠杆组的力学分析[J]. 摩擦学学报, 1982, (4): 240-245.
	Zhou G M , Zhang H . Mechanical analysis of the lever group of Timken test machine[J]. Tribology, 1982，(4): 240-245.
23	夏延秋, 刘维民, 薛群基 . 四球机与梯母肯试验机承载能力的对比研究[C]//石治平. 第一届国际机械工程学术会议论文集, 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2000: 558.
	Xia Y Q , Liu W M , Xue Q J . A comparative study of the bearing capacity of the four-ball machine and the Timken machine[C]//Shi Z P. Proceedings of the first international conference on mechanical engineering. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2000: 558.
24	Wei G , Scott W . The influence of surface roughness on the results of the Timkenlubricant extreme pressure test[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 1995, 35: 357-361.
25	饶娟, 张盼, 何帅, 等 . 天然石墨利用现状及石墨制品综述[J]. 中国科学: 技术科学, 2017, 47(1): 13-31.
	Rao J , Zhang P , He S , et al . A review on the utilization of natural graphite and graphite-based materials[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 2017, 47(1): 13-31.
26	Kim H R , Lee S H , Lee K H . Scalable production of large single-layered graphenes by microwave exfoliation ‘in deionized water’[J]. Carbon, 2018, 134: 431-438.
27	Yang J S , Yang C L , Wang M S , et al . Crystallization of alkane melts induced by carbon nanotubes and graphene nanosheets: a molecular dynamics simulation study[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2011, 13: 15476-15482.
28	Duan Y Q , Sun Y , Wang L , et al . Enhanced methanol oxidation and CO tolerance using oxygen-passivated molybdenum phosphide/carbon supported Pt catalysts[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4(20): 7674-7682.
29	Tang Q , Zhou Z , Chen Z F . Graphene-related nanomaterials: tuning properties by functionalization[J]. Nanoscale, 2013, 5: 4541-4583.
30	Nongbe M C , Ekou T , Ekou L , et al . Biodiesel production from palm oil using sulfonated graphene catalyst[J]. Renewable Energy, 2017, 106: 135-141.
31	Zzeyani S , Mikou M , Naja J , et al . Spectroscopic analysis of synthetic lubricating oil[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 114: 27-32.
32	Bourque A J , Rutledge G C . Heterogeneous nucleation of an n-alkane on graphene-like materials[J]. European Polymer Journal, 2018, 104: 64-71.
33	Rissanou A N , Harmandaris V . Dynamics of various polymer-graphene interfacial systems through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations[J]. Soft Matter, 2014, 10: 2876-2888.
34	Yu B , Wang K , Hu Y W , et al . Tribological properties of synthetic base oil containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane grafted graphene oxide[J]. RSC Advances, 2018, 8: 23606-23614.
35	曹丽娜 . 石墨烯润滑性能及其在润滑油中的应用[J]. 化工管理, 2018, (2): 148-150.
	Cao L N . Graphene lubrication property and its application in lubricating oil[J]. Chemical Enterprise Management, 2018, (2): 148-150.
36	Lv T , Huang S Q , Liu E T , et al . Tribological and machining characteristics of an electrostatic minimum quantity lubrication (EMQL) technology using graphene nano-lubricants as cutting fluids[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2018, 34: 225-237.
37	Gupta B , Kumar N , Titovich K A , et al . Lubrication properties of chemically aged reduced graphene-oxide additives[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2017, 7: 6-13.
38	Zheng D , Wu Y P , Li Z Y , et al .Tribological properties of WS₂/graphene nanocomposites as lubricating oil additives[J]. RSC Advances, 2017, 7: 14060-14068.

[1]	江河, 袁俊飞, 王林, 邢谷雨. 均流腔结构对微细通道内相变流动特性影响的实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 235-244.
[2]	郑玉圆, 葛志伟, 韩翔宇, 王亮, 陈海生. 中高温钙基材料热化学储热的研究进展与展望[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3171-3192.
[3]	孟令玎, 崇汝青, 孙菲雪, 孟子晖, 刘文芳. 改性聚乙烯膜和氧化硅固定化碳酸酐酶[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3472-3484.
[4]	吴文涛, 褚良永, 张玲洁, 谭伟民, 沈丽明, 暴宁钟. 腰果酚生物基自愈合微胶囊的高效制备工艺研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 3103-3115.
[5]	王志龙, 杨烨, 赵真真, 田涛, 赵桐, 崔亚辉. 搅拌时间和混合顺序对锂离子电池正极浆料分散特性的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 3127-3138.
[6]	葛加丽, 管图祥, 邱新民, 吴健, 沈丽明, 暴宁钟. 垂直多孔碳包覆的FeF₃正极的构筑及储锂性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 3058-3067.
[7]	朱风, 陈凯琳, 黄小凤, 鲍银珠, 李文斌, 刘嘉鑫, 吴玮强, 高王伟. KOH改性电石渣脱除羰基硫的性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2668-2679.
[8]	蔡斌, 张效林, 罗倩, 党江涛, 左栗源, 刘欣梅. 导电薄膜材料的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2308-2321.
[9]	毛磊, 刘冠章, 袁航, 张光亚. 可捕集CO₂的纳米碳酸酐酶粒子的高效制备及性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2589-2598.
[10]	徐文超, 孙志高, 李翠敏, 李娟, 黄海峰. 静态条件下表面活性剂E-1310对HCFC-141b水合物生成的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2179-2185.
[11]	顾浩, 张福建, 刘珍, 周文轩, 张鹏, 张忠强. 力电耦合作用下多孔石墨烯膜时间维度的脱盐性能及机理研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2067-2074.
[12]	王子健, 柯明, 李佳涵, 李舒婷, 孙巾茹, 童燕兵, 赵治平, 刘加英, 任璐. 短b轴ZSM-5分子筛制备方法及应用研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(4): 1457-1473.
[13]	刘润竹, 储甜甜, 张孝阿, 王成忠, 张军营. α，ω-端羟基亚苯基氟硅聚合物的合成及性能[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(3): 1360-1369.
[14]	张雪婷, 胡激江, 赵晶, 李伯耿. 高分子量聚丙二醇在微通道反应器中的制备[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(3): 1343-1351.
[15]	陈向上, 马振杰, 任希华, 贾悦, 吕晓龙, 陈华艳. 三维网络萃取膜的制备及传质效率研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(3): 1126-1133.