CO2管内流动沸腾干涸特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190574

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

CO₂被认为是一种理想的替代制冷剂，具有良好的环境特性和优良的热力学特性。与传统制冷剂相比，CO₂有着十分不同的流动沸腾换热特性，过程会发生干涸将使其换热能力大幅下降。然而现有的干涸点预测公式都是基于各自的实验数据拟合得出，由于数据点太少和变量参数范围受限导致关联式的预测结果存在偏差。所以，通过对17篇文献中搜集的4986个实验数据点进行整理，分析得出质量流率、热通量、饱和温度和管径等影响因素对干涸点的影响趋势，并将数据点按大小压力分别拟合得出了干涸点的预测公式，有90%的数据点偏差小于15%，对干涸点预测，防止传热恶化有重要意义。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 流动, 蒸发, 干涸, 关联式

Abstract:

CO₂ is considered to be an ideal alternative refrigerant with good environmental properties and excellent thermodynamic properties. Compared with the traditional refrigerant, the flow boiling heat transfer characteristics of CO₂ is very different that the heat transfer deterioration and dry-out will make its capability of heat transfer decrease dramatically. It is of much concern to predict the dry-out point precisely when CO₂ flow boiling in tube. However, the existing dry-out point prediction formula fitted is mostly based on their own experimental data. The predicted results of the correlation are biased because of too few data and the limited range of variable parameters. Therefore, by organizing and analyzing 4986 experimental data points collected from 17 articles, the influence of several factors such as mass flow rate, heat flux, saturated temperature and pipe diameter on the dry-out point has been found. And a formula for predicting dry-out points is given by fitting the data points respectively according to the pressure, 90% of the data points has a deviation of less than 15%. The prediction accuracy is greatly improved and it has a great agreement with experiment data. The formula is of great significance to the prediction of dry-out points and the prevention of heat transfer deterioration.

Key words: carbon dioxide, flow, evaporation, dry-out, correlation

中图分类号:

TK 124

刘忠彦, 逯玮, 金旭, 孙大汉, 张俊博, 王晨. CO₂管内流动沸腾干涸特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(12): 4575-4581.

Zhongyan LIU, Wei LU, Xu JIN, Dahan SUN, Junbo ZHANG, Chen WANG. Study of dry-out characteristics of carbon dioxide during flow boiling in tube[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(12): 4575-4581.

图/表 8

表1 CO2管内流动沸腾换热实验数据

Table 1 Experimental data of carbon dioxide flow boiling heat transfer in tube

文献	水力直径/mm	饱和温度/℃	质量流率/(kg/(m²·s))	热通量/(kW/m²)	数据个数	干涸点数
[13]	1.42,4.57	10,15	400,800	7.5,40	36	2
[3]	6	5,10	170,240,340	10~20	218	13
[12]	6.1	-15,-30	100,200,400	5~15	120	4
[14]	7.75	-5~5	200~500	10~30	100	7
[15]	7.73	0~20	318	12.5,16.4,18.6	60	6
[6]	1.5	-40~0	300~600	7.5~30	390	17
[8]	4	1~15	100~300	2~18	148	8
[16]	4	5	77	4.8	5	1
[17]	1,2,3	-10~10	56~1335	5.69~34.2	359	25
[18]	1.5	-40~0	300~600	7.5,30	327	17
[19]	4	5	66	3.2	5	1
[20]	4	1~15	100~300	2~18	100	7
[9]	1.42	-30	300	29.8	23	1
[11]	1.5,2,3	-5	500,1000	7.2~30	68	4
[21]	1,2,3	-5,2.5,3	56~1070	22.4~34.2	143	3
[22]	1.42	-40~0	300~600	0~29.8	552	26
[23]	0.98	0~15	360~1500	18~40	251	9
[9]	0.529	-10~0	200~1400	10~30	1749	49
[24]	2	15	360,720	4.5,9,18	332	6

图1 质量流率对干涸干度的影响

Fig.1 Effects of mass flow rate on dry-out quality

图2 热通量对干涸干度的影响

Fig.2 Effects of heat flux on dry-out quality

图3 饱和温度对干涸干度的影响

Fig.3 Effects of saturation temperature on dry-out quality

图4 管径对干涸干度的影响

Fig.4 Effects of pipe diameter on dry-out quality

图5 Yoon等[30]公式干涸干度计算值与实验数据偏差情况

Fig.5 Deviation between calculated value of dry-out quality of Yoon formula and experimental data

图6 小压力下偏差

Fig.6 Deviation at low pressure

图7 大压力下偏差

Fig.7 Deviation at high pressure

参考文献 30

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CO₂管内流动沸腾干涸特性研究

Study of dry-out characteristics of carbon dioxide during flow boiling in tube

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