Al2O3纳米流体液滴蒸发特性的数值模拟研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190476

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

纳米流体液滴蒸发现象在电子设备冷却、喷墨打印以及医学检测等领域都有广泛应用。为了研究水基Al₂O₃纳米流体液滴的蒸发特性，建立了纳米流体液滴蒸发的二维瞬态模型，考虑了纳米颗粒输运行为以及液滴内部流动的影响，并采用任意拉格朗日-欧拉法（ALE）捕捉气液运动界面。基于所建立的模型，分析了水基Al₂O₃纳米流体液滴内部Marangoni流、纳米颗粒初始浓度以及基板温度对纳米流体液滴蒸发特性的影响规律。结果表明，液滴内部Marangoni流会影响气液界面温度分布和蒸发速率。由于液滴内部纳米颗粒浓度分布和气液界面温度发生变化，纳米流体液滴的蒸发速率随着纳米颗粒初始浓度和基板温度升高而增加。

关键词: 纳米流体, 氧化铝, 蒸发, 数值模拟, 颗粒浓度

Abstract:

Nanofluid droplet evaporation has been widely used in many applications, such as cooling of electronic equipment, inkjet printing and medical testing. To study the evaporation characteristics of water-based Al₂O₃ nanofluid droplets, a two-dimensional transient model of nanofluid droplet evaporation was established, taking into account the effects of nanoparticle transport and internal droplet flow, and using arbitrary Lagrangian-Euler method (ALE) captures the gas-liquid motion interface. Based on the proposed model, the effects of Marangoni flow, substrate temperature and initial particle concentration on the evaporation of alumina nanofluid droplet were studied. The results showed that the gas-liquid interface temperature distribution and evaporationrate can be affected by Marangoni flow. The evaporation rate increases with the increase of the initial concentration of nanoparticle and the substrate temperature owing to the variation of nanoparticle concentration distribution and interface temperature during droplet evaporation.

Key words: nanofluid, alumina, evaporation, numerical simulation, particle concentration

中图分类号:

TQ 026.4

金铭, 胡定华, 李强, 范德松. Al₂O₃纳米流体液滴蒸发特性的数值模拟研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(11): 4199-4206.

Ming JIN, Dinghua HU, Qiang LI, Desong FAN. Simulation of sessile nanofluid droplet evaporation character[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(11): 4199-4206.

图/表 11

图1 纳米流体液滴蒸发的示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of evaporation of nanofluid droplet

表1 物性参数

Table 1 Physical properties

材料名称

密度/(kg/m³)

比热容/

(J/(kg·K))

热导率/

(W/(m·K))

图2 纳米流体液滴网格划分结果

Fig.2 Meshing results of nanofluid droplet

表2 网格无关性验证

Table 2 Verification of grid independence

网格数	最大单元尺寸/μm	最大相对偏差/%
21157	7.5	—
32059	5	1.09
38787	4	0.079

图3 模型验证

Fig.3 Verification of model

图4 液滴蒸发速率与时间的关系

Fig.4 Dependence of droplet evaporation rates vs time

图5 液滴气液界面平均温度与时间的关系

Fig.5 Dependence of average interface temperature vs time

图6 不同颗粒初始浓度下液滴蒸发速率与时间的关系

Fig.6 Dependence of droplet evaporation rates vs time of different particle concentrations

图7 不同接触角下基板表面的浓度分布

Fig.7 Concentration distribution of substrate surface at different contact angle

图8 不同基板温度下的液滴蒸发速率与时间的关系

Fig.8 Dependence of droplet evaporation rate vs time at different substrate temperature

图9 不同基底温度基板表面的浓度分布

Fig.9 Concentration distribution of substrate surface at different temperature

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Al₂O₃纳米流体液滴蒸发特性的数值模拟研究

Simulation of sessile nanofluid droplet evaporation character

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