盘管组倾角对浮顶油罐内含蜡原油融化过程的影响研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191431

化工学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (5): 2035-2048.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20191431

盘管组倾角对浮顶油罐内含蜡原油融化过程的影响研究

王敏¹(),邵倩倩²,杨晓帆³(),李敬法⁴

^1.北京计算科学研究中心，北京 100193
^2.广东石油化工学院石油工程学院，广东茂名 525000
^3.北京师范大学地理科学学部，北京 100875
^4.北京石油化工学院机械工程学院，北京 102617

收稿日期:2019-11-25 修回日期:2020-02-20 出版日期:2020-05-05 发布日期:2020-05-05
通讯作者: 王敏,杨晓帆
作者简介:王敏（1986—），男，博士后，wangmin@csrc.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(U1930402);北京市自然科学基金项目(3204038)

Study on influence of inclination of coils on melting process of waxy crude oil in a floating roof tank

Min WANG¹(),Qianqian SHAO²,Xiaofan YANG³(),Jingfa LI⁴

^1.Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
^2.School of Petroleum Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, Guangdong, China
^3.Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
^4.School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China

Received:2019-11-25 Revised:2020-02-20 Online:2020-05-05 Published:2020-05-05
Contact: Min WANG,Xiaofan YANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用盘管组来加热融化浮顶油罐内含蜡原油是油罐加热融化的主要方式之一。而优化盘管组的布置方式对提高罐内含蜡原油的融化效率、降低生产成本具有重要的意义。基于此，在考虑含蜡原油融化过程中形态和流变性变化的基础上，建立了盘管组加热的浮顶油罐内含蜡原油湍流融化物理数学模型。考虑到罐顶空气层、钢板层、保温层的规则性以及罐内含蜡原油区域的非规则性，利用浸入边界法在结构化网格上处理罐内含蜡原油与盘管组之间的耦合问题。利用文献结果对模型进行验证。以实际1000 m³浮顶油罐为例，对罐内含蜡原油的融化规律进行研究，并对倾角对融化过程的影响进行分析。

关键词: 浮顶油罐, 含蜡原油, 融化, 湍流, 非牛顿流体, 浸入边界法

Abstract:

Heating by coils are the most common used way for heating and melting waxy crude oil in a floating roof tank. And optimizing the layout of coils in the tank helps to improve the melting efficiency and reduce production cost. For this purpose, deep investigation on the temperature increase and melting processes of waxy crude oil by coil heating is necessary. This research establishes a physical and mathematical model describing the processes based on a comprehensive consideration of structure and rheological changes of the oil as well as the influence of turbulent flow during melting. Considering the irregularity of the oil domain and the regularity of other parts of the tank, immersed boundary method is employed to realize integrated calculation on structured grids over the whole computational domain. Results in literatures are used for model validation. Then the temperature increase and melting processes of waxy crude oil are simulated under three projects of coil layout. Taking an actual 1000 m³ floating roof oil tank as an example, the melting law of waxy crude oil in the tank is studied, and the influence of the inclination angle on the melting process is analyzed.

Key words: floating roof tank, waxy crude oil, melting, turbulent flow, non-Newtonian fluid, immersed boundary method

中图分类号:

TE 821

王敏, 邵倩倩, 杨晓帆, 李敬法. 盘管组倾角对浮顶油罐内含蜡原油融化过程的影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(5): 2035-2048.

Min WANG, Qianqian SHAO, Xiaofan YANG, Jingfa LI. Study on influence of inclination of coils on melting process of waxy crude oil in a floating roof tank[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(5): 2035-2048.

图/表 13

图1 盘管组加热的浮顶油罐内含蜡原油融化物理模型

Fig.1 Physical model of melting of waxy crude oil in a floating roof tank heated by coils

图2 本文计算流程

Fig.2 Flow chart of this research

表1 三种盘管组倾角

Table 1 Three inclinations of heating coils at tank bottom

算例	盘管数	p3		δr / m	θ /(°)	r₀ / m	T₀ /℃
算例	盘管数	x₃ / m	r₃ / m	δr / m	θ /(°)	r₀ / m	T₀ /℃
1	5	0.6	3.0	0.6	-5.71	0.1	80
2	5	0.6	3.0	0.6	0	0.1	80
3	5	0.6	3.0	0.6	5.71	0.1	80

表2 含蜡原油、空气、蜡晶、钢板、土壤和保温层热物性参数

Table 2 Physical properties of waxy crude oil, air layer, wax crystal, steel layer, soil and insulating layer

材料	ρ /(kg/m³)	c_p/(J/(kg·℃) )	λ /(W/(m·℃) )	β /℃^-1	μ /(Pa·s)	L/(J/kg)
含蜡原油	869	2100	0.14	7.53×10^-4	式（14）	2.0×10⁵
空气	1.25	1009	0.025	3.7×10^-3	1.77×10^-5	—
蜡晶	869	2100	0.14	—	+∞	2.0×10⁵
钢板	7860	475	46	—	+∞	—
土壤	1700	753	1.6	—	+∞	—
保温层	55	1880	0.02	—	+∞	—

图3 本文计算的量油孔纵向平均油温与实测结果的比较

Fig.3 Comparison of simulated and measured longitudinal average oil temperature at gauge hatch

表3 方腔内圆管恒壁温加热的稳定热流量

Table 3 Steady heat flux of heating coil in a square cavity heated with constant temperature

Ra	项目	稳态热流量/J
Ra	项目	r/l=0.1	r/l=0.2	r/l=0.3
1.0×10⁴	本文计算结果	2.074	3.156	5.242
	Ref. [23]	2.051	3.161	5.303
	Ref. [31]	2.071	3.331	5.826
1.0×10⁵	本文计算结果	3.701	4.861	6.119
	Ref. [23]	3.704	4.836	6.171
	Ref. [31]	3.825	5.080	6.212
1.0×10⁶	本文计算结果	6.403	9.459	11.892
	Ref. [23]	5.944	8.546	11.857
	Ref. [31]	6.107	9.374	11.620

图4 罐内平均油温随时间的变化曲线

Fig.4 Variation of average oil temperature inside tank along with time

图5 浮顶油罐融化初场设定

Fig.5 Initial fields for melting process of floating roof tank

图6 算例1条件下浮顶油罐内融化温度场和速度矢量场分布

Fig. 6 Temperature and velocity fields in tank during melting process of case 1

图8 算例3条件下浮顶油罐内融化温度场和速度矢量场分布

Fig.8 Temperature and velocity fields in tank during melting process of case 3

图7 算例2条件下浮顶油罐内融化温度场和速度矢量场分布

Fig.7 Temperature and velocity fields in tank during melting process of case 2

图9 浮顶油罐内含蜡原油融化特性

Fig.9 Melting characteristic of waxy crude oil in floating roof tank

图10 盘管组热流量随时间的变化

Fig.10 Variations of heat flux of coils along with time

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盘管组倾角对浮顶油罐内含蜡原油融化过程的影响研究

Study on influence of inclination of coils on melting process of waxy crude oil in a floating roof tank

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