不同亲水特性VOCs在生物滴滤工艺中的作用规律

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200026

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以亲疏水性为切入点，针对含多组分挥发性有机物（volatile organic compounds，VOCs）的工业废气，综述了生物滴滤床技术（biotrickling filters，BTFs）的研究现状与发展趋势。重点围绕多组分VOCs之间的拮抗作用、协同作用、交互作用，总结与剖析了三大作用的研究现状与成因，从BTFs内气液/固两相传质和生物降解动力学模型入手，阐述了BTFs中VOCs的传质和生物转化过程及其相互作用机制。展望了BTFs适应当前市场需求的应用化发展前景，提出以削弱或抑制拮抗作用、构建和强化协同作用体系为研究方向，通过强化对共代谢和增溶等作用机制的理论认知，构建具有协同效应的VOCs处理体系，进而推动BTFs的理论发展和应用推广。

关键词: 多组分VOCs, 生物技术, 亲水特性, 传质, 动力学模型

Abstract:

Taking the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity as the starting point, the research status and development trend of biotrickling filters (BTFs) for industrial waste gas containing multi-component volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are summarized. This paper focuses on antagonistic, synergistic, and mutual effects among multiple VOCs, which summarizes and analyzes the immanent cause leading to the interactions. Besides, the gas-liquid/solid two-phase mass transfer models and biodegradation kinetics models are used to elaborate the VOCs mass transfer and biotransformation processes and their mechanisms in BTFs. Furthermore, application prospect is prospected to satisfy to current market requirement through construction and strengthening of synergistic effect instead of antagonism. And the treatment systems of VOCs are constructed by strengthening theoretical cognition of co-metabolism and solubilization mechanisms, which would promote BTFs developments in two aspects of theory and application.

Key words: multiple VOCs, biotechnology, hydrophilic properties, mass transfer, kinetic modeling

中图分类号:

X 511

姜岩, 张哲. 不同亲水特性VOCs在生物滴滤工艺中的作用规律[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(7): 2973-2982.

Yan JIANG, Zhe ZHANG. Interaction of VOCs with different hydrophilic properties in biotrickling filters[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(7): 2973-2982.

图/表 6

表1 VOCs间的拮抗作用

Table 1 Antagonism among multiple VOCs

目标污染物	菌种	去除优先级	拮抗作用	作者
B、T、E、X、M	Rhodococcus sp.	T>B>X>M>E	E抑制最强，M最弱； M对E抑制最小，对T最大	Lee等^[18]
正己烷、BTEX	活性污泥	T、B>E、间/对二甲苯（m/p-X）> 邻二甲苯（o-X）>正己烷	BTEX明显抑制正己烷，且随BTEX浓度增大而增强	Amin等^[19]
T、o-X、二氯甲烷	Zoogloea resiniphila HJ1和Methylobacterium rhodesianum H13	T> o-X >二氯甲烷	混合进气浓度越大，相互抑制作用越强	Hu等^[20]
异丙醇、丙酮	活性污泥	异丙醇>丙酮	异丙醇明显抑制丙酮	Chang等^[21]
正丁醇、异丁醇	活性污泥	正丁醇>异丁醇	混合进气浓度越高，抑制异丁醇的生化反应越强	Chan等^[22]
甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、T	Pseudomonas aeruginosa、Bacillus sp.和Chryseobacterium joostei	乙醇>甲醇>丙酮>T	甲醇、乙醇对T的降解存在抑制作用	Balasubramanian等^[8]
丙醛、己醇、甲基异丁基酮、T	Paecilomyces variotii（或活性污泥）	丙醛>己醇>甲基异丁基酮>T	丙醛抑制其他三种VOCs的降解	Estrada等^[23]
甲醇、α-蒎烯	驯化的混合菌群	甲醇>α-蒎烯	甲醇对α-蒎烯的降解产生拮抗；反之，无影响	López等^[24]
丁酮、甲基异丁基甲酮、T、E、o-X	活性污泥	T>E> o-X >甲基异丁甲酮>丁酮	T、E、o-X抑制丁酮、甲基异丁基甲酮，T尤其明显	Datta等^[25]

表2 VOCs之间的交互作用

Table 2 Interaction among multiple VOCs

目标污染物	菌种	去除优先级	交互作用	作者
BTEX、THF	Pseudomonas oleovorans DT4	THF>BTEX	T、B抑制THF；而THF存在使m-X、p-X和E实现共代谢	Zhou等^[37]
BTEX	驯化的混合菌群	—	T和E抑制B；但B促进T降解；o-X可以与T和B共代谢	Littlejohns等^[38]
T、B、p-X	驯化的混合菌群	—	T促进B、p-X降解；T和B无相互作用；p-X增加B降解的延滞期	Sui等^[13]
T、正丙醇	驯化的混合菌群	正丙醇>T	低浓度正丙醇促进T降解；当浓度高于1 g/m³则产生抑制	Dixit等^[28]
T、TCE	Pseudomonas putida F1	T＞TCE	浓度高于2800 μg/L 的T抑制TCE降解，但产生甲苯双加氧酶又有促进作用	Jung等^[14]
T、丙酮、TCE	驯化的混合菌群	丙酮>T>TCE	甲苯氧化酶促进TCE去除，但丙酮浓度高于1901 mg/m³时，会抑制T和TCE	Den等^[33]
甲醇、TCE	G. moniliformis (F. verticillioides)和F.solani	甲醇>TCE	甲醇可促进TCE降解；但其加载速率增大时，则产生抑制	Chheda 等^[39]

图1 THF和ST混合气去除效率

Fig.1 Removal rate of THF and ST

图2 生物滴滤工艺理论示意图

Fig.2 Theory schematic diagram for biotrickling filters

图3 生物滴滤工艺作用机制示意图

Fig.3 Mechanism schematic diagram in biotrickling filters

表3 常见的处理VOCs的动力学模型

Table 3 Common kinetic models used for the treatment of VOCs

动力学模型	表达式	目标污染物	文献
Monod	$μ = μ m a x S K s + S$	T、 E	[17]
Haldane （Andrews）	$μ = μ m a x S K s + S + S 2 / K i$	ST、E	[25]
Levenspiel	$μ = μ m a x 1 - S K i S K s + S$	α-蒎烯、醋酸正丁酯	[44]
Edwards	$μ = μ m a x e x p ? - S K i - e x p ? - S K s$	o-X	[44]
改进Compertz	$D (t) = D m a x e x p - e x p R m D m a x λ - t + 1 ? ?$	BTEX中双底物混合	[17]
竞争抑制动力学	$μ = ∑ i n μ m a x S i K s i + S i + ∑ j = 1 n S j K s i K s j$	B和E、o-X	[31]
非竞争抑制动力学	$μ = ∑ i n μ m a x S i K s i + S i + 1 + ∑ j = 1 n S j K s j$	—	[69]
反竞争抑制动力学	$μ = ∑ i n μ m a x S i K s i + S i 1 + ∑ j = 1 n S j K s j$	—	[25]
无相互作用的Monod动力学	$μ = ∑ i = 1 n μ m a x i S i K s + S i$	B和E、o-X	[31]
带有特定交互作用的抑制动力学（SKIP）	$μ = ∑ i n μ m a x S i K s i + S i + ∑ j ≠ i (S i I i j)$	B、T、E、X	[38]

表3 常见的处理VOCs的动力学模型

Table 3 Common kinetic models used for the treatment of VOCs

动力学模型	表达式	目标污染物	文献
Monod	$μ = μ m a x S K s + S$	T、 E	[17]
Haldane （Andrews）	$μ = μ m a x S K s + S + S 2 / K i$	ST、E	[25]
Levenspiel	$μ = μ m a x 1 - S K i S K s + S$	α-蒎烯、醋酸正丁酯	[44]
Edwards	$μ = μ m a x e x p ? - S K i - e x p ? - S K s$	o-X	[44]
改进Compertz	$D (t) = D m a x e x p - e x p R m D m a x λ - t + 1 ? ?$	BTEX中双底物混合	[17]
竞争抑制动力学	$μ = ∑ i n μ m a x S i K s i + S i + ∑ j = 1 n S j K s i K s j$	B和E、o-X	[31]
非竞争抑制动力学	$μ = ∑ i n μ m a x S i K s i + S i + 1 + ∑ j = 1 n S j K s j$	—	[69]
反竞争抑制动力学	$μ = ∑ i n μ m a x S i K s i + S i 1 + ∑ j = 1 n S j K s j$	—	[25]
无相互作用的Monod动力学	$μ = ∑ i = 1 n μ m a x i S i K s + S i$	B和E、o-X	[31]
带有特定交互作用的抑制动力学（SKIP）	$μ = ∑ i n μ m a x S i K s i + S i + ∑ j ≠ i (S i I i j)$	B、T、E、X	[38]

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