化工学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (9): 3831-3840.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20230341
收稿日期:
2023-04-06
修回日期:
2023-08-24
出版日期:
2023-09-25
发布日期:
2023-11-20
通讯作者:
郭航
作者简介:
李艺彤(1996—),女,博士研究生,yitongli@emails.bjut.edu.cn
基金资助:
Yitong LI(), Hang GUO(), Hao CHEN, Fang YE
Received:
2023-04-06
Revised:
2023-08-24
Online:
2023-09-25
Published:
2023-11-20
Contact:
Hang GUO
摘要:
催化层中铂载量沿流道方向的梯度分布会影响反应物利用以及热量和物质的传递,而操作条件对铂载量梯度分布质子交换膜燃料电池电性能和传热传质的影响尚不明确。因此,基于二维、非等温、两相质子交换膜燃料电池模型探究了操作条件反应物流向和化学计量比对铂载量二梯度分布和多梯度分布中的三梯度分布质子交换膜燃料电池的影响。研究表明,反应物流向对铂载量梯度分布燃料电池的电性能和物质含量的影响较弱;化学计量比的增加可以提高铂载量梯度分布燃料电池的电性能,并且随着化学计量比的增加,铂载量梯度分布的燃料电池性能相对于均匀分布的燃料电池性能的提升效果增强。
中图分类号:
李艺彤, 郭航, 陈浩, 叶芳. 催化剂非均匀分布的质子交换膜燃料电池操作条件研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3831-3840.
Yitong LI, Hang GUO, Hao CHEN, Fang YE. Study on operating conditions of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with non-uniform catalyst distributions[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3831-3840.
参数 | 取值 |
---|---|
铂载量/(mg/cm2) | 0.4 |
操作温度/K | 343.15 |
操作压力/MPa | 0.1 |
阳极氢气流量/(ml/min) | 600 |
质子交换膜厚度/m | 5.3×10-5 |
催化层厚度/m | 1.5×10-5 |
气体扩散层厚度/m | 3.75×10-4 |
流道宽度/m | 7.5×10-4 |
流道深度/m | 1.0×10-3 |
流道长度/m | 4.0×10-2 |
表1 文献[34]中的实验条件
Table 1 Experimental conditions in Ref. [34]
参数 | 取值 |
---|---|
铂载量/(mg/cm2) | 0.4 |
操作温度/K | 343.15 |
操作压力/MPa | 0.1 |
阳极氢气流量/(ml/min) | 600 |
质子交换膜厚度/m | 5.3×10-5 |
催化层厚度/m | 1.5×10-5 |
气体扩散层厚度/m | 3.75×10-4 |
流道宽度/m | 7.5×10-4 |
流道深度/m | 1.0×10-3 |
流道长度/m | 4.0×10-2 |
流动方式 | 电流密度/(A/cm2) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
均匀分布 | 二梯度分布 | 三梯度分布 | ||
0.8 V | 顺流 | 0.0829 | 0.0860 | 0.0850 |
逆流 | 0.0834 | 0.0864 | 0.0854 | |
0.5 V | 顺流 | 0.9672 | 0.9735 | 0.9712 |
逆流 | 0.9715 | 0.9773 | 0.9749 | |
0.2 V | 顺流 | 1.3891 | 1.4474 | 1.4288 |
逆流 | 1.3897 | 1.4480 | 1.4292 |
表2 顺流和逆流流动时的电流密度
Table 2 Current density for downstream and countercurrent flow
流动方式 | 电流密度/(A/cm2) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
均匀分布 | 二梯度分布 | 三梯度分布 | ||
0.8 V | 顺流 | 0.0829 | 0.0860 | 0.0850 |
逆流 | 0.0834 | 0.0864 | 0.0854 | |
0.5 V | 顺流 | 0.9672 | 0.9735 | 0.9712 |
逆流 | 0.9715 | 0.9773 | 0.9749 | |
0.2 V | 顺流 | 1.3891 | 1.4474 | 1.4288 |
逆流 | 1.3897 | 1.4480 | 1.4292 |
铂载量分布方式 | 氧气浓度/(mol/m3) | 液态水饱和度 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
顺流 | 逆流 | 顺流 | 逆流 | |
均匀分布 | 3.24 | 3.23 | 0.0709 | 0.0712 |
二梯度分布 | 3.15 | 3.13 | 0.0746 | 0.0749 |
三梯度分布 | 3.16 | 3.15 | 0.0742 | 0.0744 |
表3 顺流和逆流流动时阴极催化层中平均氧气浓度和液态水饱和度
Table 3 The average oxygen concentration and liquid water saturation in the cathode catalyst layer for downstream and countercurrent flow
铂载量分布方式 | 氧气浓度/(mol/m3) | 液态水饱和度 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
顺流 | 逆流 | 顺流 | 逆流 | |
均匀分布 | 3.24 | 3.23 | 0.0709 | 0.0712 |
二梯度分布 | 3.15 | 3.13 | 0.0746 | 0.0749 |
三梯度分布 | 3.16 | 3.15 | 0.0742 | 0.0744 |
铂载量分布方式 | 平均温度/K | 温度标准差/K | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
顺流 | 逆流 | 顺流 | 逆流 | |
均匀分布 | 348.38 | 348.64 | 0.9391 | 0.8945 |
二梯度分布 | 348.69 | 348.73 | 1.0605 | 1.1917 |
三梯度分布 | 348.66 | 348.71 | 0.9980 | 1.1351 |
表4 顺流和逆流流动时在0.5 V电压下膜电极组件内的温度
Table 4 Temperature in the membrane electrode assembly at 0.5 V for downstream and countercurrent flow
铂载量分布方式 | 平均温度/K | 温度标准差/K | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
顺流 | 逆流 | 顺流 | 逆流 | |
均匀分布 | 348.38 | 348.64 | 0.9391 | 0.8945 |
二梯度分布 | 348.69 | 348.73 | 1.0605 | 1.1917 |
三梯度分布 | 348.66 | 348.71 | 0.9980 | 1.1351 |
图6 化学计量比对铂载量二梯度分布时沿流道方向阴极催化层中线氧气浓度的影响
Fig.6 Effect of stoichiometric ratio on oxygen concentration on the cathode catalyst layer center line along the flow channel direction for two-gradient distribution of platinum loading
图7 化学计量比对铂载量二梯度分布时沿流道方向阴极催化层中线温度的影响
Fig.7 Effect of stoichiometric ratio on temperature on the cathode catalyst layer center line along the flow channel direction for two-gradient distribution of platinum loading
图9 化学计量比对铂载量三梯度分布时沿流道方向阴极催化层中线氧气浓度的影响
Fig.9 Effect of stoichiometric ratio on oxygen concentration on the cathode catalyst layer center line along the flow channel direction for three-gradient distribution of platinum loading
图10 化学计量比对铂载量三梯度分布时沿流道方向阴极催化层中线温度的影响
Fig.10 Effect of stoichiometric ratio on temperature on the cathode catalyst layer center line along the flow channel direction for three-gradient distribution of platinum loading
图12 不同化学计量比下铂载量梯度分布相比与均匀分布的最大功率密度增加量
Fig.12 Increment of maximum power density of gradient distribution compared to uniform distribution under different stoichiometric ratios
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