Abstract:

Hydrogen energy is an important clean energy to replace traditional fossil energy. However, achieving high-quality and dense storage of hydrogen energy and rapid release under mild conditions is still a major bottleneck. Ammonia borane, with a high hydrogen content of 19.6%(mass), that can release hydrogen under mild condition, is an exordinary hydrogen storage material. However, ammonia borane is relatively stable in water, so the development of catalyst is very important. The research on hydrolyzing catalyst of ammonia borane mainly focuses on metal, metal compound and photocatalyst. In this paper, the research methods of ammonia borane hydrolysis for hydrogen production are introduced in practice, and the steps and mechanism of ammonia borane hydrolysis are reviewed theoretically. Noble metals have intrinsic ammonia borane catalytic activity and the design of noble metal catalysts should focus on reducing particle size to avoid agglomeration. Specific strategies include the addition of surfactants and loads on skeleton and atomic dispersion. Due to the different electronegativity between metals, metal alloys will have their own charge migration. Such unbalance charge can effectively adsorb the different hydrogen on ammonia borane and promote the dissociation. Metal compounds have also become the focus of research and development due to their unique electronic properties. Photocatalysis can drive semiconductor or plasma materials to generate electrons and holes and promote charge transfer, so it is also an effective measure to improve hydrolysis efficiency. This paper describes the process of hydrogen production, introduces the method of positive regulation of reaction, and puts forward the design strategy of catalyst in the future.

Key words: hydrogen production, catalyst, hydrolysis, ammonia borane, electron transfer

摘要：

氢能是替代传统化石能源的重要清洁能源，然而实现氢能的高质量密度储存与温和条件下快速释放仍是一大瓶颈。氨硼烷储氢密度高达19.6%（质量），在室温下水解即可制得氢气，是最有发展前景的储氢材料之一。然而氨硼烷在水中放氢速度缓慢，因此开发加速其水解过程的催化剂至关重要。对氨硼烷的水解催化剂的研究主要集中在金属单质、金属化合物与光催化剂三类材料。本文从实践方面，介绍了氨硼烷水解制氢的研究方法，从理论方面，通过介绍催化剂的发展，综述了氨硼烷水解反应的步骤与机理。通过对产氢过程的深入描述，介绍了对氨硼烷水解制氢反应正面调控的方法，并依据已有的研究提出了未来该类催化剂的设计策略。

关键词: 制氢, 催化剂, 水解, 氨硼烷, 电子转移